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      Estudo piloto sobre a eficácia do losartan no tratamento do fenômeno de Raynaud (FRy) e correlação com alterações na microcirculação em pacientes com esclerose sistêmica (ES) Translated title: Pilot study on losartan efficacy in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) and correlation with microcirculation alterations in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc)

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a eficácia do losartan no tratamento do fenômeno de Raynaud (FRy) em pacientes com FRy secundário à esclerose sistêmica (ES). Avaliamos também as anormalidades bioquímicas da microcirculação, através de dosagem da lacticemia de polpa digital associada a um estímulo frio (LPD-EF) e às anormalidades anatômicas da microcirculação, através da capilaroscopia periungueal (CPU), antes e após a intervenção terapêutica, buscando possíveis correlações com a ação do losartan no nível microvascular. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo aberto em que foram selecionados consecutivamente dez pacientes com diagnóstico de ES e FRy presentes na seleção. Sete pacientes receberam losartan 50 mg/dia e três, 100 mg/dia VO por quatro semanas. Os pacientes foram avaliados quanto à eficácia da droga, através de questionários aplicados no dia 0 e ao término das semanas 1, 2, 3, e 4. Capilaroscopia periungueal e o teste da LPD-EF foram realizados no início e ao final do estudo. RESULTADOS: Observamos melhora significativa na escala de gravidade do FRy ao analisarmos as semanas 0 a 4 (p=0,048). Em relação à escala visual analógica da dor, ao número de ataques de FRy por dia e à duração estimada dos ataques, observamos queda nos parâmetros analisados entre as semanas 0 a 4, mas tal diminuição não alcançou diferença significante. Não houve diferença significativa em relação aos parâmetros analisados pela CPU e aos valores de "LPD entre as semanas 0 e 4. CONCLUSÕES: O losartan parece apresentar benefício terapêutico discreto ou moderado em pacientes com FRy secundário à ES, não modificando os parâmetros morfológicos ou bioquímicos da microcirculação.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of losartan for the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) secondary to systemic sclerosis. We also evaluated the biochemical abnormalities of the microcirculation using the cold stimulus-fingertip lacticemy test (CS-FTL), and the morphological alterations of the microcirculation, by nailfold capillaroscopy, before and after treatment as well as possible correlations with losartan action at the microvascular level. METHODS: In this open study we selected ten patients with systemic sclerosis diagnosis and Raynaud's phenomenon present on the selection. Seven patients received losartan 50 mg once a day and three received 100 mg once a day for four weeks. Patients were evaluated for drug efficacy by standard questionnaire on day 0 and at the end of weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4. Nailfold capillaroscopy and the CS-FTL test were performed at baseline and at the end of treatment. RESULTS: There was a reduction in the RP severity scale between weeks 0 and 4 (p=0.048). There was a reduction on pain visual analogic scale, number of RP episodes/day, and the duration of the RP episodes between the weeks 0 and 4, but this reduction did not reach statistical significance. Additionally there was no statistically significant change in nailfold capillaroscopy parameters and "FTL values between weeks 0 and 4. CONCLUSION: Losartan seems to have modest to moderate clinical benefit in RP secondary to SSc and induced no detectable modification in biochemical or morphological microcirculation parameters.

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          Most cited references47

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          Losartan therapy for Raynaud's phenomenon and scleroderma: clinical and biochemical findings in a fifteen-week, randomized, parallel-group, controlled trial.

          To compare the efficacy and tolerability of losartan, an antagonist of angiotensin II receptor type 1, with nifedipine for the treatment of primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) in a pilot study. In a randomized, parallel-group, controlled trial, patients with primary RP (n = 25) or RP secondary to systemic sclerosis (SSc [scleroderma]; n = 27) were allocated to receive 12 weeks' treatment with either losartan (50 mg/day) or nifedipine (40 mg/day). Primary outcome variables were the severity and frequency of RP episodes and findings on vascular measurements, including thermography and laser Doppler flowmetry. Serum levels of soluble adhesion molecules, endothelin 1, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, and procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) were also measured. There was a reduction in the severity of RP episodes following treatment with losartan and with nifedipine, but this effect was greater in the losartan arm of the study (P<0.05): episode frequency was reduced only in the losartan group (P<0.01 versus baseline). Symptomatic improvement was associated with a significant reduction in soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and PINP (P<0.01). Subgroup analysis suggested that although these biochemical changes occurred mainly in SSc patients, the clinical benefit was greater in the primary RP group. This study confirms the tolerability of short-term treatment of RP with losartan, and our data suggest its clinical benefit. Further evaluation of this drug as a long-term treatment for SSc-associated RP should be considered, since it may have additional disease-modifying potential.
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            Panoramic nailfold capillaroscopy: a new reading method and normal range.

            Current interpretation of nailfold capillaroscopy is largely based on qualitative and subjective parameters. These parameters make the accurate assessment of the extent of the nailfold microangiopathy difficult. The authors present a comprehensive method in which several quantitative or semiquantitative parameters are used to assess the main microangiopathic features, such as microhemorrhage, plexus visibility, devascularization, and morphologic anomalies of the end row loops. The method is checked for reproducibility and applied to a sample of 800 healthy people to establish the normal range. The influences of extrinsic variables, such as gender, ethnicity, age, and local nailfold conditions are also included.
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              Widefield capillary microscopy. technique and rating scale for abnormalities seen in scleroderma and related disorders

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbr
                Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia
                Rev. Bras. Reumatol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0482-5004
                1809-4570
                December 2005
                : 45
                : 6
                : 343-350
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUNIFESP
                [02] orgnameUNIFESP
                [03] orgnameUNIFESP
                Article
                S0482-50042005000600003
                10.1590/S0482-50042005000600003
                2779c8e1-9872-48d4-8859-02f8902bec9a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 27 November 2005
                : 07 July 2005
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                lactato,esclerose sistêmica,nailfod capillaroscopy,Raynaud's phenomenon,systemic sclerosis,losartan,capilaroscopia periungueal,lactate,fenômeno de Raynaud

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