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      Estereotipos, prejuicios y exclusión social en un país multiétnico: el caso peruano Translated title: Stereotypes, prejudice and social exclusion in a multiethnic country: the peruvian case

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          Abstract

          A partir de una muestra de personas de clase media de la ciudad de Lima (n= 81), se analiza la dinámica de las relaciones intergrupales en el Perú. Basándonos en los estereotipos y prejuicios hacia diversos grupos étnicos encontramos la existencia de grupos de alto y bajo estatus, cuya situación es percibida en función a sus posibilidades de acceso al poder. Las implicancias de estos resultados se analizan en términos de los procesos sociales, culturales, cognitivos y afectivos que median las relaciones intergrupales y que derivan en la manifestación de la exclusión social. Finalmente, estos resultados nos llevan a considerar que la institucionalización de las prácticas de exclusión surge como una manera de preservar el poder de los grupos dominantes.

          Translated abstract

          Based in a sample of middle class participants from Lima city (n= 81), intergroup relations’ dynamic is analyzed. Considering the stereotypes and prejudices towards diverse ethnic groups, higher and lower status groups in the society are identified following their possibilities of power access. Results are analyzed in terms of social, cultural, cognitive and affective processes that mediate intergroup relations and result in social exclusion demonstrations. Finally, these results suggest that the institutionalization of exclusion practices is a cultural form of power perpetuation promoted by dominant groups.

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          Most cited references90

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          Experiments in Intergroup Discrimination

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            Perspective-taking: decreasing stereotype expression, stereotype accessibility, and in-group favoritism.

            Using 3 experiments, the authors explored the role of perspective-taking in debiasing social thought. In the 1st 2 experiments, perspective-taking was contrasted with stereotype suppression as a possible strategy for achieving stereotype control. In Experiment 1, perspective-taking decreased stereotypic biases on both a conscious and a nonconscious task. In Experiment 2, perspective-taking led to both decreased stereotyping and increased overlap between representations of the self and representations of the elderly, suggesting activation and application of the self-concept in judgments of the elderly. In Experiment 3, perspective-taking reduced evidence of in-group bias in the minimal group paradigm by increasing evaluations of the out-group. The role of self-other overlap in producing prosocial outcomes and the separation of the conscious, explicit effects from the nonconscious, implicit effects of perspective-taking are discussed.
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              Party over policy: The dominating impact of group influence on political beliefs.

              Four studies demonstrated both the power of group influence in persuasion and people's blindness to it. Even under conditions of effortful processing, attitudes toward a social policy depended almost exclusively upon the stated position of one's political party. This effect overwhelmed the impact of both the policy's objective content and participants' ideological beliefs (Studies 1-3), and it was driven by a shift in the assumed factual qualities of the policy and in its perceived moral connotations (Study 4). Nevertheless, participants denied having been influenced by their political group, although they believed that other individuals, especially their ideological adversaries, would be so influenced. The underappreciated role of social identity in persuasion is discussed.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rp
                Revista de Psicología (Lima)
                Rev. psicol. (Lima)
                Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de humanidades (Lima )
                0254-9247
                December 2007
                : 25
                : 2
                : 295-338
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
                Article
                S0254-92472007000200007
                28239aa2-50c7-4e5d-9769-e1bb9d02659a

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Categories
                PSYCHOLOGY

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Intergroup relations,Culture,Social identity,Social exclusion,Emotions,Relaciones intergrupales,Cultura,Identidad social,Exclusión social,Emociones

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