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      Health advocacy by nurses in the Family Health Strategy: barriers and facilitators Translated title: Acción política de enfermeros en Estrategia Salud de la Familia: barreras y facilitadores Translated title: Advocacia em saúde por enfermeiros na Estratégia Saúde da Família: barreiras e facilitadores

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Objective: Identify the barriers and facilitators of health advocacy to users delivered by nurses from the Family Health Strategy. Method: Qualitative study carried out with nurses from the Family Health Strategy of a city in the south of Brazil. Study participants were 15 nurses, who were interviewed. The content of the interviews was recorded, transcribed and analyzed in the light of the discursive text analysis. Results: Two categories emerged, one about the lack of organization at the workplace, bureaucracy and limitations to professional work in health environments, and another about the facilitating aspects to exercise advocacy both individually and collectively. Conclusion: When nurses, provided with technical, scientific and relational knowledge, are empowered to make decisions, they are not only supported by other professionals at work but also develop actions of health advocacy to users, thus qualifying the care delivered.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar las barreras y facilitadores de la acción política en salud de los usuarios por parte de enfermeros de Estrategia Salud de la Familia. Método: Estudio cualitativo realizado con enfermeros de Estrategia Salud de la Familia en ciudad del Sur de Brasil. Participaron 15 enfermeros mediante entrevistas grabadas, transcriptas y analizadas por análisis textual discursivo. Resultados: Surgieron dos categorías, una discurriendo sobre falta de organización del trabajo, la burocracia y las limitaciones de actuación profesional en ámbitos sanitarios, y otra sobre aspectos facilitadores para el ejercicio de la acción política de modo colectivo e individual. Conclusión: Cuando el enfermero, poseedor de conocimientos técnicos, científicos y de relación, desarrolla su autonomía para toma de decisiones, contando con el apoyo de otros colegas profesionales. Consigue desarrollar acciones políticas en salud para los usuarios, calificando así la atención brindada.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar as barreiras e facilitadores da advocacia em saúde dos usuários por enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Método: Estudo qualitativo realizado com enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família em uma cidade no sul do Brasil. Participaram 15 enfermeiros mediante uso de entrevistas gravadas, transcritas e analisadas à luz da análise textual discursiva. Resultados: Emergiram duas categorias, uma discorrendo sobre a falta de organização do trabalho, da burocracia e das limitações para atuação profissional nos ambientes de saúde e outra sobre os aspectos facilitadores para o exercício da advocacia de forma individual e coletivamente. Conclusão: Quando o enfermeiro, imbuído dos saberes técnicos, científicos e de relacionamento, desenvolve sua autonomia na tomada de decisões, além de contar com o apoio de outros profissionais no trabalho, consegue desenvolver ações de advocacia em saúde aos usuários e, assim, qualifica o cuidado prestado.

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          Evaluating the intervening factors in patient safety: focusing on hospital nursing staff

          OBJECTIVE To evaluate intervening factors in patient safety, focusing on hospital nursing staff. METHOD The study is descriptive, with qualitative approach, excerpt from a larger study with analytical nature. It was undertaken in a public hospital in Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, between January and June 2013, with semi-structured interviews to 70 nurses, using Thematic Content Analysis. RESULTS The principal intervening factors in patient safety related to hospital nursing staff were staff dimensioning and workload, professional qualification and training, team work, being contracted to the institution, turnover and lack of job security, and bad practice/disruptive behaviors. These aspects severely interfere with the establishment of a safety culture in the hospital analyzed. CONCLUSION It is necessary for managers to invest in nursing staff, so that these workers may be valued as fundamental in the promotion of patient safety, making it possible to develop competences for taking decisions with focus on the improvement of quality care.
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            Problematising autonomy and advocacy in nursing.

            Customarily patient advocacy is argued to be an essential part of nursing, and this is reinforced in contemporary nursing codes of conduct, as well as codes of ethics and competency standards governing practice. However, the role of the nurse as an advocate is not clearly understood. Autonomy is a key concept in understanding advocacy, but traditional views of individual autonomy can be argued as being outdated and misguided in nursing. Instead, the feminist perspective of relational autonomy is arguably more relevant within the context of advocacy and nurses' work in clinical healthcare settings. This article serves to highlight and problematise some of the assumptions and influences around the perceived role of the nurse as an advocate for patients in contemporary Western healthcare systems by focusing on key assumptions concerning autonomy inherent in the role of the advocate.
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              Ethical problems in nursing management: the role of codes of ethics.

              The aim of this study was to identify the ethical problems that nurse managers encounter in their work and the role of codes of ethics in the solutions to these difficulties. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed statistically. The target sample included all nurse managers in 21 specialized health care or primary health care organizations in two hospital districts in Finland (N = 501; response rate 41%). The most common ethical problems concerned resource allocation as well as providing and developing high quality care. This was the case in different managerial positions as well as in types of organization. Professional codes of ethics were used more often for problems related to patients' care compared with issues of resource allocation. Nurse managers at middle or strategic management levels used codes of ethics more often than those in charge of a ward. More research is required to investigate ethical decision making in nursing management, especially with regard to problem solving. In addition, new guidelines and continuing education in ethics are important for management personnel.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                reben
                Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem
                Rev. Bras. Enferm.
                Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem (Brasília, DF, Brazil )
                0034-7167
                1984-0446
                February 2018
                : 71
                : 1
                : 57-64
                Affiliations
                [1] Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande orgdiv1Center of Health Sciences orgdiv2Postgraduate Program in Nursing Brazil
                [2] Salvador Bahia orgnameUniversidade Federal da Bahia orgdiv1Center of Health Sciences orgdiv2Postgraduate Program in Nursing Brazil
                Article
                S0034-71672018000100057
                10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0119
                29324945
                284411d8-276e-4a66-9384-51f1de2dd966

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 06 April 2016
                : 02 February 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                Defensa de la Salud,Atención Primaria de Salud,Enfermería,Integralidad en Salud,Poder,Advocacia em Saúde,Atenção Básica a Saúde,Enfermagem,Integralidade em Saúde,Health Advocacy,Primary Health Care,Nursing,Integrality in Health,Power

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