Conocimientos y practicas sobre el consumo de tabaco en estudiantes de pregrado de farmacia, Lima, Perú

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Abstract

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los conocimientos y prácticas del consumo de tabaco en estudiantes de farmacia, según aspectos demográficos y académicos. Participaron 276 (55.2%) estudiantes de farmacia de una universidad privada Peruana. Fue utilizada la Encuesta Global de Tabaco (GYTS) para jóvenes. Se identificó una prevalencia de vida del tabaco de 93,7% en los hombres y en las mujeres de 77,6%. La prevalencia de vida para el alcohol fue de 70,8% y para las drogas ilegales de 14,1% (marihuana). Existe un elevado porcentaje de prevalencia de vida y de consumo actual de tabaco en esta muestra. La mayoría de los estudiantes inicio el uso a los 16 años. Existe una fuerte asociación entre el consumo de tabaco y el uso de esta droga por, al menos, uno de los padres; también está asociado a la exposición al humo dentro de la casa.

Translated abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and the practices regarding tobacco consumption in pharmacy students according to their demographic and academic characteristics. The sample consisted of 276 (55.2%) pharmacy students of a Peruvian Private University to whom the “Global Youth Tobacco Survey” (GYTS) was applied. In men, the prevalence of lifetime use of tobacco of 93.7%, of alcohol 70.8% and of illegal drugs 14.1% was identified. The prevalence of lifetime and current consumption of tobacco in the sample was very high. The majority of students began using drugs at 16 years old. There was a strong association between the consumption of tobacco and the fact that at least one of the parents smoked and the exposure to smoke inside the home.

Translated abstract

O objetivo do estudo foi determinar os conhecimentos e as práticas do uso de tabaco entre estudantes de farmácia, segundo os aspectos sociodemográficos e acadêmicos. Participaram 276 (55,2%) estudantes de farmácia de uma universidade privada peruana. Foi utilizada a Encuesta Global de Tabaco para jovens - GYTS. Identificou-se a prevalência do uso na vida de tabaco em 93,7% dos homens e 77,6% das mulheres. A idade de início do consumo ocorreu aos 16 anos. A prevalência de uso na vida para o álcool foi de 70,8% e, para as drogas ilegais, 14,1% para a maconha. Existe porcentagem elevada de estudantes que fizeram uso na vida e, ainda, consomem tabaco, nesta amostra. A maioria dos estudantes iniciou o uso de drogas aos 16 anos. Existe forte associação entre o consumo de tabaco entre os que possuem pelo menos um dos pais fumantes e a exposição ao fumo dentro de casa.

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Most cited references 18

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Tobacco use among youth: a cross country comparison.

(2002)

The Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) is a worldwide collaborative surveillance initiative that includes governments and non-governmental organisations under the leadership of the World Health Organization/Tobacco Free Initiative (WHO/TFI) and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Office on Smoking and Health (CDC/OSH). The GYTS was developed to enhance the capacity of countries to design, implement, and evaluate tobacco control and prevention programmes. The GYTS employs a standard methodology where self administered questionnaires, consisting of a set of core questions, are completed by a representative school based sample of students primarily between the ages of 13-15 years. Data are presented from 75 sites in 43 countries and the Gaza Strip/West Bank region. Current use of any tobacco product ranges from 62.8% to 3.3%, with high rates of oral tobacco use in certain regions. Current cigarette smoking ranges from 39.6% to less than 1%, with nearly 25% of students who smoke, having smoked their first cigarette before the age of 10 years. The majority of current smokers want to stop smoking and have already tried to quit, although very few students who currently smoke have ever attended a cessation programme. Exposure to advertising is high (75% of students had seen pro-tobacco ads), and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is very high in all countries. Only about half of the students reported that they had been taught in school about the dangers of smoking during the year preceding the survey. Global youth tobacco use is already widespread throughout the world, but there is great variation among nations. Valid and reliable data on the extent of youth tobacco use, and correlates of use, are essential to plan and evaluate tobacco use prevention programmes. The GYTS has proven the feasibility of an inexpensive, standardised, worldwide surveillance system for youth tobacco use. The GYTS will be expanded to the majority of countries in the next few years, and can serve as a baseline for monitoring and evaluating global and national tobacco control efforts.