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      Safeguarding marine life: conservation of biodiversity and ecosystems

      research-article
      1 , 2 , , 2 , 3 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 2 , 3 , 2 , 4 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 2 , 3 , 1 , 2 , 5 , 1 , 6 , 1 , 7 , 1 , 8 , 1 , 2 , 9 , 10 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 11 , 3 , 12 , 1 , 2 ,
      Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries
      Springer International Publishing
      Ecosystem management, Ecosystem services, Indigenous knowledge, Integrated management, Stewardship, Sustainable Development Goals, Foresighting/hindcasting

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          Abstract

          Marine ecosystems and their associated biodiversity sustain life on Earth and hold intrinsic value. Critical marine ecosystem services include maintenance of global oxygen and carbon cycles, production of food and energy, and sustenance of human wellbeing. However marine ecosystems are swiftly being degraded due to the unsustainable use of marine environments and a rapidly changing climate. The fundamental challenge for the future is therefore to safeguard marine ecosystem biodiversity, function, and adaptive capacity whilst continuing to provide vital resources for the global population. Here, we use foresighting/hindcasting to consider two plausible futures towards 2030: a business-as-usual trajectory (i.e. continuation of current trends), and a more sustainable but technically achievable future in line with the UN Sustainable Development Goals. We identify key drivers that differentiate these alternative futures and use these to develop an action pathway towards the desirable, more sustainable future. Key to achieving the more sustainable future will be establishing integrative (i.e. across jurisdictions and sectors), adaptive management that supports equitable and sustainable stewardship of marine environments. Conserving marine ecosystems will require recalibrating our social, financial, and industrial relationships with the marine environment. While a sustainable future requires long-term planning and commitment beyond 2030, immediate action is needed to avoid tipping points and avert trajectories of ecosystem decline. By acting now to optimise management and protection of marine ecosystems, building upon existing technologies, and conserving the remaining biodiversity, we can create the best opportunity for a sustainable future in 2030 and beyond.

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          Most cited references181

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          The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship

          There is an urgent need to improve the infrastructure supporting the reuse of scholarly data. A diverse set of stakeholders—representing academia, industry, funding agencies, and scholarly publishers—have come together to design and jointly endorse a concise and measureable set of principles that we refer to as the FAIR Data Principles. The intent is that these may act as a guideline for those wishing to enhance the reusability of their data holdings. Distinct from peer initiatives that focus on the human scholar, the FAIR Principles put specific emphasis on enhancing the ability of machines to automatically find and use the data, in addition to supporting its reuse by individuals. This Comment is the first formal publication of the FAIR Principles, and includes the rationale behind them, and some exemplar implementations in the community.
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            Conceptualizing the circular economy: An analysis of 114 definitions

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              Biodiversity redistribution under climate change: Impacts on ecosystems and human well-being

              Distributions of Earth's species are changing at accelerating rates, increasingly driven by human-mediated climate change. Such changes are already altering the composition of ecological communities, but beyond conservation of natural systems, how and why does this matter? We review evidence that climate-driven species redistribution at regional to global scales affects ecosystem functioning, human well-being, and the dynamics of climate change itself. Production of natural resources required for food security, patterns of disease transmission, and processes of carbon sequestration are all altered by changes in species distribution. Consideration of these effects of biodiversity redistribution is critical yet lacking in most mitigation and adaptation strategies, including the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Delphi.Ward@utas.edu.au
                Cayne.Layton@utas.edu.au
                Journal
                Rev Fish Biol Fish
                Rev Fish Biol Fish
                Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries
                Springer International Publishing (Cham )
                0960-3166
                1573-5184
                7 March 2022
                7 March 2022
                : 1-36
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.1009.8, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 826X, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, , University of Tasmania, ; Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
                [2 ]GRID grid.1009.8, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 826X, Centre for Marine Socio-Ecology, , University of Tasmania, ; Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
                [3 ]GRID grid.492990.f, ISNI 0000 0004 0402 7163, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, ; Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
                [4 ]GRID grid.1010.0, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 7304, Adelaide Law School, , The University of Adelaide, ; North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
                [5 ]GRID grid.512736.4, South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute, ; Stanley, Falkland Islands
                [6 ]GRID grid.7445.2, ISNI 0000 0001 2113 8111, Silwood Park Campus, Department of Life Sciences, , Imperial College London, ; Berkshire, SL5 7PY UK
                [7 ]GRID grid.266820.8, ISNI 0000 0004 0402 6152, Department of Biological Sciences, , University of New Brunswick, ; PO Box 5050, Saint John,, New Brunswick E2L 4L5 Canada
                [8 ]Hereditary Chief, Haida Nation, PO Box 1451, Skidegate, B.C. V0T 1S1 Canada
                [9 ]GRID grid.1009.8, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 826X, Faculty of Law, , University of Tasmania, ; Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
                [10 ]GRID grid.55602.34, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 8200, Integrated Fisheries Lab, Department of Biology, , Dalhousie University, ; Halifax, NS B3H 4R2 Canada
                [11 ]GRID grid.1009.8, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 826X, Tasmanian School of Business & Economics, , University of Tasmania, ; Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
                [12 ]GRID grid.452305.5, Carmabi, Caribbean Research and Management of Biodiversity, ; Piscaderabaai z/n, Willemstad, Curaçao
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1802-2617
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3390-6437
                Article
                9700
                10.1007/s11160-022-09700-3
                8900478
                35280238
                285c7bcf-f4c4-4bd3-b80c-f37e9d86dd2b
                © The Author(s) 2022

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 30 October 2020
                : 25 January 2022
                Funding
                Funded by: Centre for Marine Socioecology
                Funded by: University of Tasmania
                Funded by: Snowchange Finland
                Funded by: University of Tasmania
                Categories
                Point-of-View

                ecosystem management,ecosystem services,indigenous knowledge,integrated management,stewardship,sustainable development goals,foresighting/hindcasting

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