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      Mortalidad a 30 días en pacientes con fractura fémur proximal durante la pandemia COVID-19 en Vizcaya (País Vasco) Translated title: Thirty-day mortality in patients with a proximal femur fracture during the COVID-19 pandemic in Biscay (Basque Country).

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          Abstract

          Objetivos: Comparar la tasa de mortalidad a 30 días en pacientes con fractura de fémur proximal (FFP) y coinfección por SARS-CoV-2 frente a FFP sin coinfección.

          Diseño: Estudio retrospectivo comparativo.

          Escenario: Tres hospitales universitarios en Vizcaya (País Vasco, España).

          Pacientes: 77 pacientes mayores de 65 años con FFP (AO 31-A y 31-B).

          Intervención: Entre el 9 de Marzo y 15 de Abril de 2020. El grupo COVID-19 incluía pacientes con infección confirmada mediante test PCR-RT.

          Medidas de resultados principales: Tasa de mortalidad a 30 días y factores de riesgo de mortalidad.

          Resultados: 10 de los 77 pacientes presentaron coinfección por SARS CoV-2. La edad media fue 85 años. Los pacientes infectados presentaban un IMC mayor (29,53 kg/m²) frente a los no infectados (24,09 kg/m²) (p=0,001). No hubo diferencias significativas en el índice de comorbilidad de Charlson, la puntuación ASA, el uso de anticoagulantes o el deterioro cognitivo. Siete pacientes del grupo COVID-19 (7/10) desarrollaron neumonía (vírica), frente a un solo caso (1/67) de neumonía (bacteriana) en el grupo control (p<0,001). La mortalidad a 30 días fue mayor (p=0,03) en los pacientes con COVID-19 (40%) que en el grupo control (11,9%). La edad ≥91 años, la clase IV ASA y el IMC >25 kg/m2 fueron predictores significativos de mortalidad a 30 días. Todas las muertes en el grupo COVID-19 ocurrieron intrahospitalariamente.

          Conclusiones: La infección por SARS CoV-2 en pacientes con PFF resultó en tasas más altas de mortalidad temprana, siendo la neumonía por COVID-19 la principal causa directa de mortalidad.

          Translated abstract

          Objectives: Compare 30-day mortality rate following a proximal femur fracture (PFF) and SARS-CoV-2 infection versus a PFF and no SARS-CoV-2 infection.

          Design: Retrospective comparative study.

          Setting: Three university hospitals in Biscay province (Basque Country, Spain). Patients: 77 patients over 65 years-old with PFF (AO 31-A and 31-B).

          Intervention: Study conducted between 9 March and 15 April 2020. The COVID-19 group included only patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, confirmed by a positive RT-PCR test.

          Main outcome measurements: 30-day mortality rate and risk factors for mortality.

          Results: Of a total 77 patients, 10 were diagnosed with SARS CoV-2 infection. Mean age was 85 years. Patients with SARS-Cov-2 infection had higher BMI (29.53 kg/m²) compared to patients without infection (24.09 kg/m²) (p=0.001). No significant differences were found between both groups in terms of the Charlson Comorbidity Index, ASA score, use of oral anticoagulants or presence of cognitive impairment. Seven of the 10 patients in the COVID-19 group developed (viral) pneumonia, as compared to one single case (1/67) of (bacterial) pneumonia in the control group (p< 0.001). Thirty-days mortality was higher (p=0.03) in COVID-19 patients (40%) than in those in the control group (11.9%). In the multivariate analysis, age ≥91 years-old, ASA class IV and BMI >25 kg/m2 were significant predictors of 30-day mortality. All deaths in the COVID-19 group occurred while the patients were hospitalized.

          Conclusions: SARS CoV-2 infection in patients with a PFF was seen to result in higher rates of early mortality, with COVID-19-related pneumonia being the leading direct cause of mortality.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol
          Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol
          Revista Espanola De Cirugia Ortopedica Y Traumatologia
          SECOT. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U.
          1888-4415
          1988-8856
          13 July 2021
          13 July 2021
          Affiliations
          [1 ]Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Trauma, Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo, Bizkaia, Spain
          [2 ]Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Trauma. Hospital Universitario Basurto, Bizkaia, Spain
          [3 ]Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Trauma. Hospital Universitario Cruces, Bizkaia, Spain
          [4 ]Research Network in Health Services in Chronic Diseases (Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas, REDISSEC), Research Unit of the Barrualde-Galdakao IHO, Galdakao, Spain
          [5 ]Lower Limb Reconstruction Group. Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Hospital Galdakao- Usansolo, Osakidetza, Bizkaia, Spain
          Author notes
          [* ]Corresponding author’s information: Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Trauma, Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo, Barrio Labeaga s/n, 48980 Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
          Article
          S1888-4415(21)00108-9
          10.1016/j.recot.2021.03.010
          8275476
          34276834
          28845f4a-1020-43c8-8913-3cb189df1e1b
          © 2021 SECOT. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U.

          Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

          History
          : 4 January 2021
          : 27 March 2021
          Categories
          Article

          proximal femur fracture,hip fracture,covid-19,sars-cov-2,pneumonia,mortality,fractura de fémur proximal, fractura de cadera,neumonía,mortalidad

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