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      World checklist of hornworts and liverworts

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      1 , 2 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 2 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 11 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 2 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 5 , 21 , 24 , 25 , 8 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33
      PhytoKeys
      Pensoft Publishers
      Marchantiophyta, Anthocerophyta, nomenclature, taxonomy

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          Abstract

          Abstract

          A working checklist of accepted taxa worldwide is vital in achieving the goal of developing an online flora of all known plants by 2020 as part of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation. We here present the first-ever worldwide checklist for liverworts ( Marchantiophyta ) and hornworts ( Anthocerotophyta ) that includes 7486 species in 398 genera representing 92 families from the two phyla. The checklist has far reaching implications and applications, including providing a valuable tool for taxonomists and systematists, analyzing phytogeographic and diversity patterns, aiding in the assessment of floristic and taxonomic knowledge, and identifying geographical gaps in our understanding of the global liverwort and hornwort flora. The checklist is derived from a working data set centralizing nomenclature, taxonomy and geography on a global scale. Prior to this effort a lack of centralization has been a major impediment for the study and analysis of species richness, conservation and systematic research at both regional and global scales. The success of this checklist, initiated in 2008, has been underpinned by its community approach involving taxonomic specialists working towards a consensus on taxonomy, nomenclature and distribution.

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          The 2010 challenge: data availability, information needs and extraterrestrial insights.

          At the 2002 Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development, 190 countries endorsed a commitment to achieve, by 2010, a significant reduction of the current rate of biodiversity loss at the global, regional and national levels. A wide range of approaches is available to the monitoring of progress towards this objective. The strengths and weaknesses of many of these approaches are considered, with special attention being given to the proposed and existing indicators described in the other papers in this issue. Recommendations are made about the development of indicators. Most existing and proposed indicators use data collected for other purposes, which may be unrepresentative. In the short term, much remains to be done in expanding the databases and improving the statistical techniques that underpin these indicators to minimize potential biases. In the longer term, indicators based on unrepresentative data should be replaced with equivalents based on carefully designed sampling programmes. Many proposed and existing indicators do not connect clearly with human welfare and they are unlikely to engage the interest of governments, businesses and the public until they do so. The extent to which the indicators already proposed by parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity are sufficient is explored by reference to the advice an imaginary scientific consultant from another planet might give. This exercise reveals that the range of taxa and biomes covered by existing indicators is incomplete compared with the knowledge we need to protect our interests. More fundamentally, our understanding of the mechanisms linking together the status of biodiversity, Earth system processes, human decisions and actions, and ecosystem services impacting human welfare is still too crude to allow us to infer reliably that actions taken to conserve biodiversity and protect ecosystem services are well chosen and effectively implemented. The involvement of social and Earth system scientists, as well as biologists, in collaborative research programmes to build and parameterize models of the Earth system to elucidate these mechanisms is a high priority.
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            PHYLOGENY AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE MARCHANTIOPHYTA

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              A Nonflowering Land Plant Phylogeny Inferred from Nucleotide Sequences of Seven Chloroplast, Mitochondrial, and Nuclear Genes

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                PhytoKeys
                PhytoKeys
                PhytoKeys
                PhytoKeys
                Pensoft Publishers
                1314-2011
                1314-2003
                2016
                27 January 2016
                : 59
                : 1-828
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
                [2 ]Department of Science and Education, Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605–2496, United States of America
                [3 ]Department of Biology, West Chester University, West Chester, PA 19383, United States of America
                [4 ]Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
                [5 ]Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Road, Sydney NSW2000, Australia
                [6 ]Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Australian National Herbarium, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
                [7 ]Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão 915, 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
                [8 ]Department of Plant Biology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901-6509, United States of America
                [9 ]CMNS-Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, 2107 Bioscience Research Building, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-4451, United States of America
                [10 ]Apartado 5-1500, Acosta, Costa Rica
                [11 ]Systematic Botany and Mycology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Menzinger Str. 67, 80638 Munich, Germany
                [12 ]Allan Herbarium, Landcare Research, P O Box 69-040, Lincoln 7608, New Zealand
                [13 ]Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Department Systématique et Evolution, C.P. 39, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris 05, France
                [14 ]Botany Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 7, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
                [15 ]Department of Systematic Botany with Herbarium Haussknecht and Botanical Garden, Friedrich Schiller University, Fürstengraben 1, 07737 Jena, Germany
                [16 ]Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Coordenaçao de Botanica, Av. Magalhaes Barata 376, 66040-1 70 Belem, Para, Brazil
                [17 ]Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1–3–1, Higashihiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 739–8526, Japan
                [18 ]N.A. Avrorin Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden–Institute of Kola SC RAS, 184236 Kirovsk-6, Russia
                [19 ]Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, United Kingdom
                [20 ]Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany
                [21 ]Botany Department, Institute of Biology, Eszterházy Károly College, Eger, Pf. 43, H-3301, Hungary
                [22 ]Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València. C/ Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100, Burjassot (Valencia), Spain
                [23 ]Albrecht-von-Haller-Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften, Department of Systematics, Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
                [24 ]Mittlere Letten 11, 88634 Herdwangen-Schönach, Germany
                [25 ]Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (CIDE-CSIC-UV-GV), C/ Carretera de Moncada-Náquera Km. 4.5, E-46113, Moncada (Valencia), Spain
                [26 ]Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Mueang, 20131 Chonburi, Thailand
                [27 ]William and Lynda Steere Herbarium, The New York, Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York 10458-5126, United States of America
                [28 ]Instituto de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Apartado 7495, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
                [29 ]Department of Botany, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01 Praha 2, Czech Republic
                [30 ]Department of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Menzinger Str. 67, D-80638, München, Germany
                [31 ]36, Big Green, Warmington, Peterborough PE8 6TU, United Kingdom
                [32 ]Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Southern Subtropical Plant Diversity, Fairylake Botanical Garden, 160 Xianhu Rd., Liantang, Shenzhen 518004, Guangdong, China
                [33 ]Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 3663 Zhong Shan North Road, Shanghai 200062, China*
                [34 ]
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Lars Söderström ( lars.soderstrom@ 123456ntnu.no )

                Academic editor: Lyubomir Penev

                [*]

                Editors

                [†]

                Deceased

                Article
                10.3897/phytokeys.59.6261
                4758082
                26929706
                29158c2b-d770-4289-abb5-8b345b4c2f60
                Lars Söderström, Anders Hagborg, Matt von Konrat, Sharon Bartholomew-Began, David Bell, Laura Briscoe, Elizabeth Brown, D. Christine Cargill, Denise P. Costa, Barbara J. Crandall-Stotler, Endymion D. Cooper, Gregorio Dauphin, John J. Engel, Kathrin Feldberg, David Glenny, S. Robbert Gradstein, Xiaolan He, Jochen Heinrichs, Jörn Hentschel, Anna Luiza Ilkiu-Borges, Tomoyuki Katagiri, Nadezhda A. Konstantinova, Juan Larraín, David G. Long, Martin Nebel, Tamás Pócs, Felisa Puche, Elena Reiner-Drehwald, Matt A.M. Renner, Andrea Sass-Gyarmati, Alfons Schäfer-Verwimp, José Gabriel Segarra Moragues, Raymond E. Stotler, Phiangphak Sukkharak, Barbara M. Thiers, Jaime Uribe, Jiří Váňa, Juan Carlos Villarreal, Martin Wigginton, Li Zhang, Rui-Liang Zhu

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 20 June 2015
                : 25 September 2015
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                Plant science & Botany
                marchantiophyta,anthocerophyta,nomenclature,taxonomy
                Plant science & Botany
                marchantiophyta, anthocerophyta, nomenclature, taxonomy

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