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Abstract
To bridge the gap between scientific evidence and patient care we need an in-depth
understanding of the barriers and incentives to achieving change in practice. Various
theories and models for change point to a multitude of factors that may affect the
successful implementation of evidence. However, the evidence for their value in the
field is still limited. When planning complex changes in practice, potential barriers
at various levels need to be addressed. Planning needs to take into account the nature
of the innovation; characteristics of the professionals and patients involved; and
the social, organisational, economic and political context.