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      A Cryogenically Flexible Covalent Organic Framework for Efficient Hydrogen Isotope Separation by Quantum Sieving

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          Surface interactions and quantum kinetic molecular sieving for H2 and D2 adsorption on a mixed metal-organic framework material.

          A rational strategy has been used to immobilize open metal sites in ultramicroporosity for stronger binding of multiple H 2 molecules per unsaturated metal site for H 2 storage applications. The synthesis and structure of a mixed zinc/copper metal-organic framework material Zn 3(BDC) 3[Cu(Pyen)] .(DMF) 5(H 2O) 5 (H 2BDC = 1,4 benzenedicarboxylic acid and PyenH 2 = 5-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-pyridine-3-carbaldehyde) is reported. Desolvation provides a bimodal porous structure Zn 3(BDC) 3[Cu(Pyen)] (M'MOF 1) with narrow porosity (<0.56 nm) and an array of pores in the bc crystallographic plane where the adsorbate-adsorbent interactions are maximized by both the presence of open copper centers and overlap of the potential energy fields from pore walls. The H 2 and D 2 adsorption isotherms for M'MOF 1 at 77.3 and 87.3 K were reversible with virtually no hysteresis. Methods for determination of the isosteric enthalpies of H 2 and D 2 adsorption were compared. A virial model gave the best agreement (average deviation <1 standard deviation) with the isotherm data. This was used in conjunction with the van't Hoff isochore giving isosteric enthalpies at zero surface coverage of 12.29 +/- 0.53 and 12.44 +/- 0.50 kJ mol (-1) for H 2 and D 2 adsorption, respectively. This is the highest value so far observed for hydrogen adsorption on a porous material. The enthalpy of adsorption, decreases with increasing amount adsorbed to 9.5 kJ mol (-1) at approximately 1.9 mmol g (-1) (2 H 2 or D 2 molecules per Cu corresponding to adsorption on both sides of planar Cu open centers) and is virtually unchanged in the range 1.9-3.6 mmol g (-1). Virial analysis of isotherms at 87.3 K is also consistent with two H 2 or D 2 molecules being bound to each open Cu center. The adsorption kinetics follow a double exponential model, corresponding to diffusion along two types of pores, a slow component with high activation energy (13.35 +/- 0.59 kJ mol (-1)) for the narrow pores and a faster component with low activation energy (8.56 +/- 0.41 kJ mol (-1)). The D 2 adsorption kinetic constants for both components were significantly faster than the corresponding H 2 kinetics for specific pressure increments and had slightly lower activation energies than the corresponding values for H 2 adsorption. The kD 2/ kH 2 ratio for the slow component was 1.62 +/- 0.07, while the fast component was 1.38 +/- 0.04 at 77.3 K, and the corresponding ratios were smaller at 87.3 K. These observations of kinetic isotope quantum molecular sieving in porous materials are due to the larger zero-point energy for the lighter H 2, resulting in slower adsorption kinetics compared with the heavier D 2. The results show that a combination of open metal centers and confinement in ultramicroporosity leads to a high enthalpy for H 2 adsorption over a wide range of surface coverage and quantum effects influence diffusion of H 2 and D 2 in pores in M'MOF 1.
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            MOF-FF - A flexible first-principles derived force field for metal-organic frameworks

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              Molecular transport in subnanometer pores: zero-point energy, reduced dimensionality and quantum sieving

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Angewandte Chemie International Edition
                Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.
                Wiley
                14337851
                December 09 2013
                December 09 2013
                November 11 2013
                : 52
                : 50
                : 13219-13222
                Article
                10.1002/anie.201307443
                24218278
                29ae6298-e427-48fb-8708-cd0f00cb525c
                © 2013

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

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