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      Effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on upper extremity muscle tone in chronic stroke patients

      research-article
      Author(s): , PhD, PT 1 , , PhD, PT 1 , , PhD, PT 1 , , PT 1 , , PhD, PT 1 , *
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Journal of Physical Therapy Science
      Publisher: The Society of Physical Therapy Science
      Keywords: Stroke, Muscle tone, ESWT

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          Abstract

          [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on upper extremity muscle tone in chronic stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] For this study, 30 stroke patients participated in this study and they were divided into ESWT group and sham-ESWT group, each group consisted of 15 patients. ESWT and sham-ESWT was performed by the patients for two times a week, for eight weeks. MyotonPRO was used to measure muscle tone. [Results] According to the results of the comparisons between the groups, after intervention, upper extremity muscle tone were significantly higher in the ESWT group than in the sham-ESWT group. [Conclusion] This study showed that ESWT is effective for improving decrease of muscle tone in chronic stroke patients.

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          Early development of spasticity following stroke: a prospective, observational trial

          Jörg Wissel, Ludwig D. Schelosky, JEFFREY SCOTT … (2010)
          This study followed a cohort of 103 patients at median 6 days, 6 and 16 weeks after stroke and recorded muscle tone, pain, paresis, Barthel Index and quality of life score (EQ-5D) to identify risk-factors for development of spasticity. 24.5% of stroke victims developed an increase of muscle tone within 2 weeks after stroke. Patients with spasticity had significantly higher incidences of pain and nursing home placement and lower Barthel and EQ-5D scores than patients with normal muscle tone. Early predictive factors for presence of severe spasticity [modified Ashworth scale score (MAS) ≥3] at final follow-up were moderate increase in muscle tone at baseline and/or first follow-up (MAS = 2), low Barthel Index at baseline, hemispasticity, involvement of more than two joints at first follow-up, and paresis at any assessment point. The study helps to identify patients at highest risk for permanent and severe spasticity, and advocates for early treatment in this group.
          Article 0 comments Cited 78 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Relationship of balance and mobility to fall incidence in people with chronic stroke.

            Daniel S Marigold, Janice Eng, Craig D Tokuno … (2005)
            People with stroke are at risk for falls. The purpose of this study was to estimate the strength of the relationship of balance and mobility to falls. The participants were 99 community-dwelling people with chronic stroke. An interview was used to record fall history, and physical performance assessments were used to measure balance (Berg Balance Scale [BBS]) and mobility (gait speed). No differences were found between subjects who fell once and subjects who did not fall or between subjects who fell more than once and subjects who did not fall. Neither balance nor mobility was able to explain falls in people with chronic stroke. Clinicians should be cautious when using the BBS or gait speed to determine fall risk in this population. Falls occurred frequently during walking; it may be necessary to focus on reactive balance and environmental interaction when assessing individuals for risk of falls and devising fall prevention programs for individuals with chronic stroke. The authors' observations suggest that the prescription of 4-wheel walkers for individuals with a low BBS score (
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              The association of balance capacity and falls self-efficacy with history of falling in community-dwelling people with chronic stroke.

              Adrienne Sullivan, Khushnum Narielwalla, Beliz Belgen … (2006)
              To describe the frequency of falls; to relate capacity-based and self-efficacy measures to fall history; and to determine to what extent capacity-based and self-efficacy measures are explained by subject characteristics and stroke impairments. Cross-sectional. Community. Convenience sample of 50 people with chronic stroke. Not applicable. Fall history, Falls Efficacy Scale-Swedish Version, fear of falling, and the mood subscore of the Stroke Impact Scale. Balance, strength, and functional mobility were measured using the Berg Balance Scale, timed sit to stand, and Timed Up & Go, respectively. Falls were reported by 40% (n=20) of subjects; 22% (n=11) reported multiple falls. Subjects with fall history had more fear of falling (relative risk [RR], 2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-4.9), had less falls-related self-efficacy (P=.04), and more depressive symptoms (P=.02) than nonfallers. Subjects with multiple fall history had poorer balance (P=.02), more fear of falling (RR=5.6; 95% CI, 1.3-23), and used a greater number of medications (P=.04) than non- and 1-time fallers. Strength partially explained balance, mobility, and falls-related self-efficacy. Balance and falls-related self-efficacy are associated with fall history and should be addressed in people with chronic stroke.
              Article 0 comments Cited 60 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Phys Ther Sci
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Phys Ther Sci
                Journal ID (publisher-id): JPTS
                Title: Journal of Physical Therapy Science
                Publisher: The Society of Physical Therapy Science
                ISSN (Print): 0915-5287
                ISSN (Electronic): 2187-5626
                Publication date (Electronic): 2 March 2018
                Publication date (Print): March 2018
                Volume: 30
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 361-364
                Affiliations
                [1) ] Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Physical Therapy, Sehan University: 1113 Noksaek-ro, Samho-eup, Yeongam-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. Je Ho Kim (E-mail: albam20@ 123456naver.com )
                Article
                Publisher ID: jpts-2017-552
                DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.361
                PMC ID: 5857439
                PubMed ID: 29581652
                SO-VID: 29b0d61c-68dd-486d-9d9f-594c83600d86
                Copyright © 2018©by the Society of Physical Therapy Science. Published by IPEC Inc.
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd) License. (CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ )

                History
                Date received : 11 October 2017
                Date accepted : 02 December 2017
                Categories
                Subject: Original Article

                Keywords: stroke,muscle tone,eswt
                Data availability:
                Keywords: stroke, muscle tone, eswt

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