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      Effects of Alcohol on Blood Pressure and Production of Vascular Aldosterone and Corticosterone

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          Abstract

          Aims: The aims of this study were to search for the role of alcohol in blood pressure regulation in rats and to investigate the effects of alcohol on the production of vascular aldosterone and corticosterone. Methods: Male Wistar rats received alcohol 0.7 g · kg<sup>–1</sup> · day<sup>–1</sup> (alcohol-treated group 1) or 1.4 g · kg<sup>–1</sup> · day<sup>–1</sup> (alcohol-treated group 2) or 2.1 g · kg<sup>–1</sup> · day<sup>–1</sup> (alcohol-treated group 3), orally, for 3 months, and blood pressure was monitored by a pressure transducer. Systolic blood pressure increased in Wistar rats treated with alcohol compared to control rats. Mesenteric artery perfusion ex vivo was performed and pressor responses to norepinephrine were determined. The pressor responses to norepinephrine in mesenteric arteries treated with alcohol were significantly increased. The perfusate from the mesenteric arteries was collected and applied to a Sep-Pak C 18 cartridge column for reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and aldosterone and corticosterone levels were determined by radioimmunoassay, aldosterone was decreased but corticosterone was increased in the perfusate from arteries treated with alcohol. Results: Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction showed that alcohol inhibited the expression of 11β-HSD2 and CYP11B2 mRNA in mesenteric arteries. Conclusions: These results reveal that alcohol is able to induce hypertension and provide evidence that alcohol inhibits the transcriptions of both 11β-HSD2 and CYP11B2 in the vasculature, leading to lower aldosterone and higher corticosterone production in vessels, and increased vasoconstrictor responses to norepinephrine.

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          Effects of Glycyrrhizin on Production of Vascular Aldosterone and Corticosterone

          This study is to confirm the role of glycyrrhizin on blood pressure and to test the effects of glycyrrhizin on production of vascular aldosterone and corticosterone in rats. Male Wistar rats received glycyrrhizin (Sigma) 200 mg/kg/day p.o. for 5 weeks, and blood pressure was monitored by a pressure transducer. Systolic blood pressure significantly increased in Wistar rats treated with glycyrrhizin compared to that without glycyrrhizin. Mesenteric artery perfusion ex vivo and pressor responses to norepinephrine were performed. The pressor responses to norepinephrine in mesenteric arteries treated with glycyrrhizin were significantly increased. The perfusate from the mesenteric arteries was collected and applied to a Sep-Pak C 18 cartridge column, used for reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and measured for both aldosterone and corticosterone by radioimmunoassay. Levels of aldosterone were decreased but those of corticosterone increased in perfusate from arteries treated with glycyrrhizin. RT-PCR showed that glycyrrhizin inhibited the expression of 11β- HSD2 and CYP11B2 mRNA in mesenteric arteries. These results confirm that glycyrrhizin is able to induce hypertension, and provide evidence that it inhibits the transcriptions of both 11β-HSD2 and CYP11B2 in the vasculature, leading to lower aldosterone and higher corticosterone production in vessels, and increased vasoconstrictor responses to norepinephrine.
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            Genetic analysis of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

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              Organ-specific actions of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in humans: Implications for the pathophysiology of hypertension

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                HRE
                Horm Res Paediatr
                10.1159/issn.1663-2818
                Hormone Research in Paediatrics
                S. Karger AG
                1663-2818
                1663-2826
                2001
                2001
                05 December 2001
                : 55
                : 5
                : 245-248
                Affiliations
                Department of Cardiology, 401th Hospital, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
                Article
                50004 Horm Res 2001;55:245–248
                10.1159/000050004
                11740147
                29d4dac2-f804-4161-9a34-4f3f590f8c52
                © 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 1, References: 18, Pages: 4
                Categories
                Original Paper

                Endocrinology & Diabetes,Neurology,Nutrition & Dietetics,Sexual medicine,Internal medicine,Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                Hypertension,Alcohol,Aldosterone synthase,11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

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