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      Supernumerary teeth: Report of four unusual cases

      case-report

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          Abstract

          Supernumerary tooth denotes duplication of tooth in the normal series. It is a developmental anomaly and has been argued to arise from multiple etiologies. These teeth may remain embedded in the alveolar bone or can erupt into the oral cavity. The supernumerary tooth might cause esthetic and/or functional problems, especially if it is situated in the maxillary anterior region. Complications reported were delayed or prevented eruption of succedaneous teeth, displacement or rotation, crowding of the affected region, abnormal diastema, dilacerations, cystic formation, and sometime eruption into the nasal cavity. In this case report, four unusual cases of supernumerary teeth that resulted in varying degrees of disturbances in permanent dentition are presented. Conservative surgical intervention and light orthodontic forces were used to bring the teeth into normal position with minimal disturbance to the surrounding oral structures.

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          Supernumerary teeth: review of the literature and a survey of 152 cases.

          A review of the literature relating to supernumerary teeth is presented along with a survey of 152 cases. The study population consisted of 152 children who visited the department of Paediatric Dentistry at the Jordan University Hospital. Patients ranged in age from 5 to 15 years. Supernumeraries were detected by clinical examination and radiographs. Males were affected more than females with a sex ratio of 2.2 : 1. Seventy-seven percent of the patients had one supernumerary tooth, 18.4% had double teeth, and 4.6% had three or more supernumeraries. Ninety percent of the supernumerary teeth occurred in the premaxilla, of which 92.8% were in the central incisor region and of these latter 25% were located in the midline. The other 10.4% of the supernumeraries were located in the premolar, canine, molar, and lower central incisor regions. Two cases were of non-syndrome supernumerary teeth. Seventy-five percent of the supernumeraries were conical, 83.1% were in the normal vertical position and 26.5% were erupted. Conical-shaped supernumerary teeth had a significantly higher rate of eruption compared to the tuberculate type.
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            Anterior supernumerary teeth--assessment and surgical intervention in children.

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              A unifying aetiological explanation for anomalies of human tooth number and size.

              Genetic and environmental factors are implicated in the aetiology of supernumerary teeth, hypodontia, megadontia and microdontia ; these anomalies tend to be associated. 1115 school children aged 11-14 years examined clinically and radiographically provided prevalence data. A further 703 children with dental anomalies were studied. 153 of these became probands for a family study and 327 of their first-degree relatives were examined. There were much higher frequencies (p less than 0.001) of all anomalies among the relatives of probands than in the general population. Males more often had supernumerary teeth and megadontia and females more frequently had hypodontia (p less than 0.05) and microdontia . For hypodontia, the proportion of relatives affected varied with the severity of the condition in the proband (p less than 0.05). In the prevalence study, there was an association between hypodontia and microdontia (p less than 0.001). These findings may be explained by a multifactorial model having a continuous scale, related to tooth number and size, with thresholds. Position on the scale usually depends upon the combination of numerous genetic and environmental factors, each with a small effect, but occasionally a chromosomal anomaly, a major single gene or a major environmental insult may have a large effect. The finding that the estimated difference between the means of the sexes was the same for each anomaly, within the limits of experimental error, supports the validity of the model.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Contemp Clin Dent
                Contemp Clin Dent
                CCD
                Contemporary Clinical Dentistry
                Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )
                0976-237X
                0976-2361
                April 2012
                : 3
                : Suppl1
                : S71-S77
                Affiliations
                [1] Department of Pedodontics, Government Dental College, Rohtak, Haryana, India
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Dr. Ritu Namdev, Department of Pedodontics, Government Dental College, Rohtak, Haryana, India E-mail: ritunamdev@ 123456rediffmail.com
                Article
                CCD-3-71
                10.4103/0976-237X.95110
                3354792
                22629072
                2a1b5a76-e635-408b-a9aa-5b1f0f4d1ce5
                Copyright: © Contemporary Clinical Dentistry

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Categories
                Case Report

                Dentistry
                succedaneous teeth,supernumerary teeth,mesiodens
                Dentistry
                succedaneous teeth, supernumerary teeth, mesiodens

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