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      SÍNDROME DE SHOCK TÓXICO ESTREPTOCÓCICO Translated title: STREPTOCOCCALTOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME

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          Abstract

          El síndrome de shock toxico estreptocócico (SSTE) se ha definido como la presencia de infección invasiva por Estreptococo del grupo A asociada a shock y falla multiorgánica. Presenta una mortalidad entre 30% y 70% de los casos según las series publicadas y se han reportado de 1 a 5 casos por 100000 habitantes. Es una infección rápidamente progresiva que afecta la piel, tejido celular subcutáneo, fascia superficial y ocasionalmente la profunda, puede producir también necrosis hística y severa toxicidad sistémica. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 15 años de edad con cuadro clínico de 3 días de evolución previa a su hospitalización, caracterizado por dolor y signos de flogosis en fosa iliaca derecha posterior a contusión en dicha región. Presento una evolución tórpida durante sus primeros días de internación con inflamación de tejidos blandos en el lugar de la contusión y dolor asociado a fiebre, escalofríos, malestar general, náuseas, vómitos y diarrea. El dolor se intensifica, la zona de inflamación se convierte en necrótica, finalmente la enfermedad progresa hasta shock tóxico y falla multiorgánica.

          Translated abstract

          Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) was be defined as the presence of invasive infection byA group of Estreptococcus, associated to shock and multiorganic failure. It has mortality between 30 and 70 percent according to the publicized series and has been reported from 1 to 5 cases of 100000 inhabitants. It is a rapidly progressive infection that affects the skin, subcutaneous cellular tissue, superficial fascia and occasionally deep tissue, it can also produce hystic necrosis and severe systemic toxicity. We report the case of a 15 year-old patient with three days of clinical evolution before his hospitalization characterized by pain and phlogosis signs located in right iliac fossa, secondary to contusion in the region. It had a torpid evolution during the first days in hospital with soft tissue inflammation at the site of the bruising and pain associated with fever, chills, malaise, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. The pain intensifies, the area of inflammation becomes to necrotic zone, finally the disease progresses to toxic shock and multiorganic failure.

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          Most cited references17

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          Changing epidemiology of group A streptococcal infection in the USA.

          To see whether changes in the epidemiology of group A streptococcal disease in the USA have been accompanied by a corresponding change in serotype distribution, epidemiological and M-typing and T-typing data for 5193 strains sent to the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, between 1972 and 1988 were analysed. The proportions of M-types 1, 3, and 18 increased significantly during the study period. These M-types were more likely to be invasive, to cause fatal infection, and to occur in a cluster of infections than were other types. By contrast, the proportions of M-types 4 and 12 decreased; they were less invasive and were less likely to be found in clusters than were other types. These data suggest that changes in the epidemiology of group A streptococcal disease may be related to changes in the distribution of M-types causing infection.
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            Penicillin-binding protein expression at different growth stages determines penicillin efficacy in vitro and in vivo: an explanation for the inoculum effect.

            Mechanisms to explain the "inoculum effect" have not been elucidated in gram-positive infections. A mouse model of group A streptococcal myositis was used to compare the efficacies of two beta-lactams, penicillin and ceftriaxone, and a protein synthesis inhibitor, clindamycin, at three different inoculum sizes. beta-lactams were more susceptible to inoculum effects than was clindamycin both in vivo and in vitro (P < .05). The large inocula were hypothesized to reach stationary phase of growth sooner than smaller inocula both in vitro and in vivo. The penicillin-binding protein (PBP) patterns from membrane proteins isolated from mid-log-phase and stationary-phase cultures of Streptococcus pyogenes were compared. Binding of radiolabeled penicillin by all PBPs was decreased in stationary cells; however, PBPs 1 and 4 were undetectable at 36 h. Thus, the loss of certain PBPs during stationary-phase growth in vitro may be responsible for the inoculum effect observed in vivo and may account for the failure of penicillin in both experimental and human cases of severe streptococcal infection.
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              Changing epidemiology of group A streptococcal infection in the USA

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rmcmlp
                Revista Médica La Paz
                Rev. Méd. La Paz
                Colegio Médico de La Paz (La Paz, , Bolivia )
                1726-8958
                2012
                : 18
                : 1
                : 33-37
                Affiliations
                [02] orgnameHospital Militar Central orgdiv1Cirugía
                [01] orgnameHospital Militar Central joelvictorcastel@ 123456hotmail.com
                Article
                S1726-89582012000100006
                2a2e53d1-2918-4e3e-88bb-20e216f75fb5

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 22 March 2012
                : 12 January 2012
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 11, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Bolivia


                Síndrome de shock tóxico,estreptocia,Streptococcal Toxic Syndrome,streptococus

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