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      Unified Classification of Molecular, Network, and Endocrine Features of Hypothalamic Neurons.

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          Abstract

          Peripheral endocrine output relies on either direct or feed-forward multi-order command from the hypothalamus. Efficient coding of endocrine responses is made possible by the many neuronal cell types that coexist in intercalated hypothalamic nuclei and communicate through extensive synaptic connectivity. Although general anatomical and neurochemical features of hypothalamic neurons were described during the past decades, they have yet to be reconciled with recently discovered molecular classifiers and neurogenetic function determination. By interrogating magnocellular as well as parvocellular dopamine, GABA, glutamate, and phenotypically mixed neurons, we integrate available information at the molecular, cellular, network, and endocrine output levels to propose a framework for the comprehensive classification of hypothalamic neurons. Simultaneously, we single out putative neuronal subclasses for which future research can fill in existing gaps of knowledge to rationalize cellular diversity through function-determinant molecular marks in the hypothalamus.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Annu. Rev. Neurosci.
          Annual review of neuroscience
          Annual Reviews
          1545-4126
          0147-006X
          July 08 2019
          : 42
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; email: Tibor.Harkany@meduniwien.ac.at.
          [2 ] Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, and SE NAP Research Group of Experimental Neuroanatomy and Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary.
          [3 ] Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17165 Stockholm, Sweden.
          Article
          10.1146/annurev-neuro-070918-050414
          30735460
          2b144ef7-ca60-4d14-826b-a536486fe10c
          History

          cellular taxonomy,neuroendocrine output,magnocellular cells,neuropeptide,single-cell transcriptomics,parvocellular systems

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