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      Socket preservation using freeze-dried bone allograft with and without plasma rich in growth factors in dogs

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          Abstract

          Background:

          Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) and freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA) are shown to promote bone healing. This study was aimed to histologically and histomorphometrically investigate the effect of combined use of PRGF and FDBA on bone formation, and compare it to FDBA alone and control group.

          Materials and Methods:

          The distal roots of the lower premolars were extracted bilaterally in four female dogs. Sockets were randomly divided into FDBA + PRGF, FDBA, and control groups. Two dogs were sacrificed after 2 weeks and two dogs were sacrificed after 4 weeks. Sockets were assessed histologically and histomorphometrically. Data were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Mann–Whitney U-tests utilizing the SPSS software version 20. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

          Results:

          While the difference in density of fibrous tissue in three groups was not statistically significant ( P = 0.343), the bone density in grafted groups was significantly higher than the control group ( P = 0.021). The least decrease in all socket dimensions was observed in the FDBA group. However, these differences were only significant in coronal portion at week 4. Regarding socket dimensions and bone density, the difference between FDBA and FDBA+PRGF groups was not significant in middle and apical portions.

          Conclusion:

          The superiority of PRGF+FDBA overFDBA in socket preservation cannot be concluded from this experiment.

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          Most cited references36

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          Platelet-rich plasma: evidence to support its use.

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            Dimensional ridge alterations following tooth extraction. An experimental study in the dog.

            To study dimensional alterations of the alveolar ridge that occurred following tooth extraction as well as processes of bone modelling and remodelling associated with such change. Twelve mongrel dogs were included in the study. In both quadrants of the mandible incisions were made in the crevice region of the 3rd and 4th premolars. Minute buccal and lingual full thickness flaps were elevated. The four premolars were hemi-sected. The distal roots were removed. The extraction sites were covered with the mobilized gingival tissue. The extractions of the roots and the sacrifice of the dogs were staggered in such a manner that all dogs contributed with sockets representing 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of healing. The animals were sacrificed and tissue blocks containing the extraction socket were dissected, decalcified in EDTA, embedded in paraffin and cut in the buccal-lingual plane. The sections were stained in haematoxyline-eosine and examined in the microscope. It was demonstrated that marked dimensional alterations occurred during the first 8 weeks following the extraction of mandibular premolars. Thus, in this interval there was a marked osteoclastic activity resulting in resorption of the crestal region of both the buccal and the lingual bone wall. The reduction of the height of the walls was more pronounced at the buccal than at the lingual aspect of the extraction socket. The height reduction was accompanied by a "horizontal" bone loss that was caused by osteoclasts present in lacunae on the surface of both the buccal and the lingual bone wall. The resorption of the buccal/lingual walls of the extraction site occurred in two overlapping phases. During phase 1, the bundle bone was resorbed and replaced with woven bone. Since the crest of the buccal bone wall was comprised solely of bundle this modelling resulted in substantial vertical reduction of the buccal crest. Phase 2 included resorption that occurred from the outer surfaces of both bone walls. The reason for this additional bone loss is presently not understood. (c) Blackwell Munksgaard, 2005.
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              Bone healing and soft tissue contour changes following single-tooth extraction: a clinical and radiographic 12-month prospective study.

              Preservation of alveolar bone volume following tooth extraction facilitates subsequent placement of dental implants and leads to an improved esthetic and functional prosthodontic result. The aim of the present study was to assess bone formation in the alveolus and the contour changes of the alveolar process following tooth extraction. The tissue changes after removal of a premolar or molar in 46 patients were evaluated in a 12-month period by means of measurements on study casts, linear radiographic analyses, and subtraction radiography. The results demonstrated that major changes of an extraction site occurred during 1 year after tooth extraction.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Dent Res J (Isfahan)
                Dent Res J (Isfahan)
                DRJ
                Dental Research Journal
                Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )
                1735-3327
                2008-0255
                September 2016
                : 13
                : 5
                : 432-439
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Dental Implant Research Center and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
                [2 ]Dental Materials Research Center and Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
                [3 ]Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
                [4 ]Dental Research Center and Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Students Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
                [5 ]Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Dr. Mehdi Taghian, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran. E-mail: drmehdi_taghian@ 123456yahoo.com
                Article
                DRJ-13-432
                10.4103/1735-3327.192290
                5091002
                27857769
                2baf1273-0a38-4bc9-935f-d3e9c3556b2e
                Copyright: © Dental Research Journal

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

                History
                : May 2015
                : July 2016
                Categories
                Original Article

                Dentistry
                allografts,platelet-rich plasma,socket graft
                Dentistry
                allografts, platelet-rich plasma, socket graft

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