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      Gold nanoparticles for biology and medicine.

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          Abstract

          Gold colloids have fascinated scientists for over a century and are now heavily utilized in chemistry, biology, engineering, and medicine. Today these materials can be synthesized reproducibly, modified with seemingly limitless chemical functional groups, and, in certain cases, characterized with atomic-level precision. This Review highlights recent advances in the synthesis, bioconjugation, and cellular uses of gold nanoconjugates. There are now many examples of highly sensitive and selective assays based upon gold nanoconjugates. In recent years, focus has turned to therapeutic possibilities for such materials. Structures which behave as gene-regulating agents, drug carriers, imaging agents, and photoresponsive therapeutics have been developed and studied in the context of cells and many debilitating diseases. These structures are not simply chosen as alternatives to molecule-based systems, but rather for their new physical and chemical properties, which confer substantive advantages in cellular and medical applications.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
          Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
          Wiley
          1521-3773
          1433-7851
          Apr 26 2010
          : 49
          : 19
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA.
          Article
          NIHMS551624
          10.1002/anie.200904359
          3930332
          20401880
          2bdb7d7e-db38-4056-b580-59e7955f7060
          History

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