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      MicroRNA与肺癌顺铂耐药相关性研究进展 Translated title: Advances in the Relationship between MicroRNA and Cisplatin Resistance of Lung Cancer

      systematic-review
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      2 , *
      (Reviewer)
      Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer
      中国肺癌杂志编辑部
      miRNA, 肿瘤, 耐药性, miRNA, Tumor, Chemoresistance

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          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          微小RNA(microRNA, miRNA)是一类长约22 nt的非编码小分子RNA,在转录后水平上负性调节靶基因的活性。微小RNA在肿瘤的发生、发展中发挥着广泛的作用,包括肿瘤的进展、分化、转移和耐药等。化疗药物的耐药是临床肿瘤治疗的难题,如何克服肿瘤细胞的顺铂耐药性引起人们的广泛兴趣。越来越多的研究证明微小RNA在影响肿瘤耐药中发挥着重要的作用。本文将对微小RNA与肿瘤治疗尤其是顺铂治疗的研究进展作一综述。

          Translated abstract

          MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, about 22 nucleotides endogenous noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate their target genes' expression through post-transcriptional suppression. MicroRNA has a broad effect on tumorigenesis and tumor biological processes, including tumor development, differentiation, metastasis and chemoresistance. Chemoresistance represents a major obstacle in effective clinical treatment of tumors, how to conquer the chemoresistance in tumor arouses people's interst. A growing number of studies have proved that microRNAs play a crucial role in tumor chemoresistance. This view will discuss the the progress research between microRNA and tumor therapy, especially the cisplatin chemotherapy in tumor.

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          Most cited references17

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          Exosomal microRNA: a diagnostic marker for lung cancer.

          To date, there is no screening test for lung cancer shown to affect overall mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNA genes found to be abnormally expressed in several types of cancer, suggesting a role in the pathogenesis of human cancer. We evaluated the circulating levels of tumor exosomes, exosomal small RNA, and specific exosomal miRNAs in patients with and without lung adenocarcinoma, correlating the levels with the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) disease stage to validate it as an acceptable marker for diagnosis and prognosis in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung. To date, 27 patients with lung adenocarcinoma AJCC stages I-IV and 9 controls, all aged 21-80 years, were enrolled in the study. Small RNA was detected in the circulating exosomes. The mean exosome concentration was 2.85 mg/mL (95% CI, 1.94-3.76) for the lung adenocarcinoma group versus 0.77 mg/mL (95% CI, 0.68-0.86) for the control group (P < .001). The mean miRNA concentration was 158.6 ng/mL (95% CI, 145.7-171.5) for the lung adenocarcinoma group versus 68.1 ng/mL (95% CI, 57.2-78.9) for the control group (P < .001). Comparisons between peripheral circulation miRNA-derived exosomes and miRNA-derived tumors indicated that the miRNA signatures were not significantly different. The significant difference in total exosome and miRNA levels between lung cancer patients and controls, and the similarity between the circulating exosomal miRNA and the tumor-derived miRNA patterns, suggest that circulating exosomal miRNA might be useful as a screening test for lung adenocarcinoma. No correlation between the exosomal miRNA levels and the stage of disease can be made at this point.
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            miR-21-mediated tumor growth.

            MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are approximately 22 nucleotide non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Although aberrant expression of miRNAs in various human cancers suggests a role for miRNAs in tumorigenesis, it remains largely unclear as to whether knockdown of a specific miRNA affects tumor growth. In this study, we profiled miRNA expression in matched normal breast tissue and breast tumor tissues by TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction miRNA array methods. Consistent with previous findings, we found that miR-21 was highly overexpressed in breast tumors compared to the matched normal breast tissues among 157 human miRNAs analysed. To better evaluate the role of miR-21 in tumorigenesis, we transfected breast cancer MCF-7 cells with anti-miR-21 oligonucleotides and found that anti-miR-21 suppressed both cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in the xenograft mouse model. Furthermore, this anti-miR-21-mediated cell growth inhibition was associated with increased apoptosis and decreased cell proliferation, which could be in part owing to downregulation of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 in anti-miR-21-treated tumor cells. Together, these results suggest that miR-21 functions as an oncogene and modulates tumorigenesis through regulation of genes such as bcl-2 and thus, it may serve as a novel therapeutic target.
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              Genes and mechanisms related to RNA interference regulate expression of the small temporal RNAs that control C. elegans developmental timing.

              RNAi is a gene-silencing phenomenon triggered by double-stranded (ds) RNA and involves the generation of 21 to 26 nt RNA segments that guide mRNA destruction. In Caenorhabditis elegans, lin-4 and let-7 encode small temporal RNAs (stRNAs) of 22 nt that regulate stage-specific development. Here we show that inactivation of genes related to RNAi pathway genes, a homolog of Drosophila Dicer (dcr-1), and two homologs of rde-1 (alg-1 and alg-2), cause heterochronic phenotypes similar to lin-4 and let-7 mutations. Further we show that dcr-1, alg-1, and alg-2 are necessary for the maturation and activity of the lin-4 and let-7 stRNAs. Our findings suggest that a common processing machinery generates guide RNAs that mediate both RNAi and endogenous gene regulation.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi
                Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi
                ZGFAZZ
                Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer
                中国肺癌杂志编辑部 (天津市和平区南京路228号300020 )
                1009-3419
                1999-6187
                20 March 2014
                : 17
                : 3
                : 269-272
                Affiliations
                [1 ] 300070 天津,天津医科大学 Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
                [2 ] 300052 天津,天津市肺癌转移和肿瘤微环境重点实验室,天津市肺癌研究所,天津医科大学总医院 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenviroment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
                Author notes
                周清华, Qinghua ZHOU, E-mail: zhouqh135@ 123456163.com
                Article
                zgfazz-17-3-269
                10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2014.03.15
                6019363
                24667267
                2c8ccd2f-a4f7-4a91-abf5-7a9fa841ddc8
                版权所有©《中国肺癌杂志》编辑部2014Copyright ©2014 Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer. All rights reserved.

                This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 3.0) License. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

                History
                : 20 October 2013
                : 5 December 2013
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                mirna,肿瘤,耐药性,tumor,chemoresistance
                mirna, 肿瘤, 耐药性, tumor, chemoresistance

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