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      Clarifying the roles of homeostasis and allostasis in physiological regulation.

      1 , 2
      Psychological review

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          Abstract

          Homeostasis, the dominant explanatory framework for physiological regulation, has undergone significant revision in recent years, with contemporary models differing significantly from the original formulation. Allostasis, an alternative view of physiological regulation, goes beyond its homeostatic roots, offering novel insights relevant to our understanding and treatment of several chronic health conditions. Despite growing enthusiasm for allostasis, the concept remains diffuse, due in part to ambiguity as to how the term is understood and used, impeding meaningful translational and clinical research on allostasis. Here, we provide a more focused understanding of homeostasis and allostasis by explaining how both play a role in physiological regulation, and a critical analysis of regulation suggests how homeostasis and allostasis can be distinguished. Rather than focusing on changes in the value of a regulated variable (e.g., body temperature, body adiposity, or reward), research investigating the activity and relationship among the multiple regulatory loops that influence the value of these regulated variables may be the key to distinguishing homeostasis and allostasis. The mechanisms underlying physiological regulation and dysregulation are likely to have important implications for health and disease.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Psychol Rev
          Psychological review
          1939-1471
          0033-295X
          Apr 2014
          : 121
          : 2
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Departments of Oral Health Sciences, Orthodontics, and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Washington.
          [2 ] Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati Medical Center.
          Article
          2014-13258-004 NIHMS627984
          10.1037/a0035942
          24730599
          2cbca796-a86e-4d94-9b64-ae2fa1a9ab2a
          History

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