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      The Integration of People Convicted of a Sexual Offence Into the Community and Their (Risk) Management

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          Abstract

          Purpose of Review

          We are reviewing recent research into the community integration of men convicted of a sexual offence and their (risk) management. This is a high-profile political issue that binds together research in psychology, criminology, politics, health, public health, and policy studies. The review will demonstrate that a multi-disciplinary, life course, EpiCrim-oriented approach is the most effective way of reducing re-offending and promoting desistance in this population.

          Recent Findings

          Research demonstrates that life course development, especially from psychology and criminology, has an impact on whether people sexually offend or not. Therefore, to understand sexual offending behaviour, we need to look at the aetiology of said behaviour from a nature and a nurture perspective. Therefore, we need to use an Epidemiological Criminology (a marriage of Public Health and criminology) approach that works at all four stages of the Socio-Ecological Model (SEM) (individual, interrelationship, community, and societal). The research encourages a person first approach, that we look at Adverse Childhood Experiences and past trauma in the lives of men who sexually offend and use this, in conjunction with strength-based approaches, to inclusively integrate them into society.

          Summary

          The prevention of sexual offending, both first time offending, and relapse prevention require a multi-level, multi-disciplinary approach. Successful desistance from sexual offending is as much about the community and society as it is about the individual.

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          Most cited references66

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          Understanding and misunderstanding randomized controlled trials

          Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) are increasingly popular in the social sciences, not only in medicine. We argue that the lay public, and sometimes researchers, put too much trust in RCTs over other methods of investigation. Contrary to frequent claims in the applied literature, randomization does not equalize everything other than the treatment in the treatment and control groups, it does not automatically deliver a precise estimate of the average treatment effect (ATE), and it does not relieve us of the need to think about (observed or unobserved) covariates. Finding out whether an estimate was generated by chance is more difficult than commonly believed. At best, an RCT yields an unbiased estimate, but this property is of limited practical value. Even then, estimates apply only to the sample selected for the trial, often no more than a convenience sample, and justification is required to extend the results to other groups, including any population to which the trial sample belongs, or to any individual, including an individual in the trial. Demanding ‘external validity’ is unhelpful because it expects too much of an RCT while undervaluing its potential contribution. RCTs do indeed require minimal assumptions and can operate with little prior knowledge. This is an advantage when persuading distrustful audiences, but it is a disadvantage for cumulative scientific progress, where prior knowledge should be built upon, not discarded. RCTs can play a role in building scientific knowledge and useful predictions but they can only do so as part of a cumulative program, combining with other methods, including conceptual and theoretical development, to discover not ‘what works’, but ‘why things work’.
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            The Impact of Sex Offender Residence Restrictions: 1,000 Feet From Danger or One Step From Absurd?

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              Public Perceptions About Sex Offenders and Community Protection Policies

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                kieran.mccartan@uwe.ac.uk
                Journal
                Curr Psychiatry Rep
                Curr Psychiatry Rep
                Current Psychiatry Reports
                Springer US (New York )
                1523-3812
                1535-1645
                1 July 2021
                1 July 2021
                2021
                : 23
                : 8
                : 52
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.6518.a, ISNI 0000 0001 2034 5266, University of the West OF England, ; Bristol, UK
                [2 ]GRID grid.1024.7, ISNI 0000000089150953, Queensland University of Technology, ; Brisbane, Australia
                Article
                1258
                10.1007/s11920-021-01258-4
                8249282
                34196851
                2cd3cd58-25ed-462e-953b-cfac5fcbac2d
                © The Author(s) 2021

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 27 May 2021
                Categories
                Sexual Disorders (LE Marshall, Section Editor)
                Custom metadata
                © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                people who have sexually offended,community integration,risk management,multi-disciplinary approaches,multi-agency approaches,epidemiological criminology

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