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      The occurrence of dot-like micro B chromosomes in Korean field mice Apodemus peninsulae from the shore of the Teletskoye Lake (Altai Mountains)

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          Abstract

          Abstract

          The data on the changes in the cytogenetic structure of the geographic population of Korean field mouse Apodemus ( Alsomys) peninsulae Thomas, 1907 at the southern shore of the Teletskoye Lake (Altai Republic) are presented. In 1980 no dot-like microchromosomes were found in 34 mice captured on the southern and northern coasts of the Teletskoye Lake. In 2011, a 1.6-fold (from 2.7 to 4.3) increase in the mean number of B chromosomes compared to the rate estimated there earlier in 1980 was discovered. In 11 of the 15 mice (73%) captured in 2011, the karyotypes contained 1–2 dot-like micro B chromosomes and 1–5 macro B chromosomes. The pollution of the territory by the remains of the rocket fuel components may be an appropriate explanation for the cause of the karyological changes observed in A. peninsulae in this region.

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          A colchicine, hypotonic citrate, squash sequence for mammalian chromosomes.

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            Red fox genome assembly identifies genomic regions associated with tame and aggressive behaviours

            Strains of red fox ( Vulpes vulpes ) with markedly different behavioral phenotypes have been developed in the famous long-term selective breeding program known as the Russian farm-fox experiment. Here we sequenced and assembled the red fox genome and re-sequenced a subset of foxes from the tame, aggressive, and conventional farm-bred populations to identify genomic regions associated with the response to selection for behavior. Analysis of the resequenced genomes identified 103 regions with either significantly decreased heterozygosity in one of the three populations or increased divergence between the populations. A strong positional candidate gene for tame behavior was highlighted: SorCS1 , which encodes the main trafficking protein for AMPA glutamate receptors and neurexins and suggests a role for synaptic plasticity in fox domestication. Other regions identified as likely to have been under selection in foxes during domestication include genes implicated in human neurological disorders, mouse behavior, and dog domestication. The fox represents a powerful model for the genetic analysis of affiliative and aggressive behaviors that can benefit genetic studies of behavior in dogs and other mammals, including humans.
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              B chromosomes in populations of mammals.

              B chromosomes (Bs) have been found in 55 out of 4629 living species of mammals. The summarized data show great variability in types of mammalian Bs, including differences in size, shape and molecular composition. This variability extends to the origin, mode of transmission and population dynamics. In general, B chromosomes in mammals do not differ from Bs found in other animal or plant species, but some peculiarities do exist. Most species in which Bs are found are widespread. Some data support the view that Bs may contribute to the successful expansion of some of these species, but it is possible that Bs are just more easily scored in them due to their frequent occurrence. Most of these species are also characterized by cycling fluctuations of abundance and characteristic social organization that produce conditions favorable for Bs to spread. All areas of research on Bs in mammals suffer from lack of data, emphasizing the necessity for intensified research on the molecular structure and ways of maintenance of Bs in populations. Copyright 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Comp Cytogenet
                Comp Cytogenet
                8
                urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:A71ED5FC-60ED-5DA3-AC8E-F6D2BB5B3573
                urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C8FA3ADA-5585-4F26-9215-A520EE683979
                Comparative Cytogenetics
                Pensoft Publishers
                1993-0771
                1993-078X
                2020
                04 March 2020
                : 14
                : 1
                : 97-105
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr.33, Moscow 119071, Russia Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
                [2 ] Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, SB RAS, ul. Frunze 11, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk Russia
                [3 ] University of Nantes, UFR Medicine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, Nantes 44035, France University of Nantes Nantes France
                [4 ] Moscow Pedagogical State University, Institute of Biology and Chemistry, ul. Kibalchicha 6, Moscow 129164, Russia Moscow Pedagogical State University Moscow Russia
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Yuriy M. Borisov ( boris@ 123456sevin.ru )

                Academic editor: T. Chassovnikarova

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7921-6696
                Article
                47659
                10.3897/CompCytogen.v14i1.47659
                7066260
                2cf63438-ca0a-48e3-b437-c2f4c3e8e958
                Yuriy M. Borisov, Sergey A. Abramov, Marina Y. Borisova, Igor A. Zhigarev

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 03 November 2019
                : 27 January 2020
                Categories
                Research Article
                Muridae
                Molecular Cytogenetics
                Cenozoic
                Russia

                apodemus (alsomys) peninsulae,b chromosome dynamics,dot-like micro b chromosomes,karyotype

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