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      Males increase call frequency, not intensity, in response to noise, revealing no Lombard effect in the little torrent frog

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          Abstract

          Noise is one of the main factors that can influence the processes of sound communication across a wide range of animal groups. Although the effects of ambient noise on animal communication, including anthropogenic noise, have received increasing attention, few studies have examined changes in the fine structure of acoustic signals produced by vocalizing species in constantly noisy environments. Here, we used natural recordings to determine the associations between stream noise and call parameters in the little torrent frog ( Amolops torrentis). We also used playbacks of stream noise recorded in natural habitats and playbacks of white noise to examine how male vocal signals change with increasing noise levels. The results show that noise intensity has a significant effect on male call frequency, but not on call amplitude or other call characteristics. Based on this evidence, we suggest that in streamside species stream noise drives males to alter call frequency and call as loudly as possible in order to improve discriminability. These findings provide insights into the role played by ecological selection in the evolution of noise‐dependent anuran vocal plasticity.

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          Ecological Sources of Selection on Avian Sounds

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            Acoustic Communication in Noise

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              Daytime noise predicts nocturnal singing in urban robins.

              Ambient noise interferes with the propagation of acoustic signals through the environment from sender to receiver. Over the past few centuries, urbanization and the development of busy transport networks have led to dramatic increases in the levels of ambient noise with which animal acoustic communications must compete. Here we show that urban European robins Erithacus rubecula, highly territorial birds reliant on vocal communication, reduce acoustic interference by singing during the night in areas that are noisy during the day. The effect of ambient light pollution, to which nocturnal singing in urban birds is frequently attributed, is much weaker than that of daytime noise.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                cuijg@cib.ac.cn
                Journal
                Ecol Evol
                Ecol Evol
                10.1002/(ISSN)2045-7758
                ECE3
                Ecology and Evolution
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                2045-7758
                31 October 2018
                December 2018
                : 8
                : 23 ( doiID: 10.1002/ece3.2018.8.issue-23 )
                : 11733-11741
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
                [ 2 ] Key Laboratory of Bio‐Resource and Eco‐Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences Sichuan University Chengdu China
                [ 3 ] University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
                [ 4 ] Ministry of Environmental Protection South China Institute of Environmental Sciences Guangzhou China
                [ 5 ] Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Tropical Plant and Animal Ecology, College of Life Sciences Hainan Normal University Haikou China
                [ 6 ] Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park Maryland
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence

                Jianguo Cui, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China.

                Email: cuijg@ 123456cib.ac.cn

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8746-2803
                Article
                ECE34625
                10.1002/ece3.4625
                6303699
                30598771
                2d0f3562-f3e3-42e6-91dc-472089c7d0b1
                © 2018 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

                This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 06 July 2018
                : 04 September 2018
                : 21 September 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 4, Tables: 2, Pages: 9, Words: 6586
                Funding
                Funded by: “Light of West China” Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
                Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China
                Award ID: 31772464
                Funded by: Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
                Award ID: 2012274
                Categories
                Original Research
                Original Research
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                ece34625
                December 2018
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_NLMPMC version:version=5.5.4 mode:remove_FC converted:22.12.2018

                Evolutionary Biology
                adaptive changes,ambient noise,amolops torrentis,sexual selection,sound communication

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