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      Predictive Factors of Eczema-Like Eruptions among Patients without Cutaneous Psoriasis Receiving Infliximab: A Cohort Study of 92 Patients

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          Abstract

          Background: Anti-tumor-necrosis-factor-α agents are limited by their side effects. Eczema is one of the most frequent adverse reactions affecting quality of life. Objective: To assess potential predictive risk factors for eczema in patients receiving infliximab. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study including patients treated with infliximab for a variety of disorders with the exception of cutaneous psoriasis. Clinical features were compared among patients with and without eczema under therapy. Results: 92 consecutive patients were included; 15 developed eczema after the initiation of infliximab. In univariate analyses, a personal history of atopic symptoms was the only predictive factor for the occurrence of eczema (odds ratio = 3.6). Sex, age, principal diagnosis, dose and duration of infliximab and concomitant use of other immunosuppressors had no influence on the occurrence of eczema. Conclusions: A personal history of atopic symptoms is predictive of eczema under infliximab. Specific information should be provided to atopic patients starting such a treatment.

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          Targeting TNF-alpha: a novel therapeutic approach for asthma.

          Christopher E. Brightling, Mike Berry, Yassine Amrani (2008)
          Approximately 5% to 10% of patients with asthma have severe disease that is refractory or poorly responsive to inhaled corticosteroid therapy. These patients represent an important unmet clinical need because they experience considerable morbidity and mortality and consume a disproportionately large amount of health care resources. TNF-alpha is a proinflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in many aspects of the airway pathology in asthma. Evidence is emerging to suggest that it might play an important role in severe refractory disease. The development of novel TNF-alpha antagonists has allowed us to test the role of this cytokine in vivo. Preliminary studies have demonstrated an improvement in asthma quality of life, lung function, and airway hyperresponsiveness and a reduction in exacerbation frequency in patients treated with anti-TNF-alpha therapy. However, there is marked heterogeneity in response, suggesting that benefit is likely to be reserved to a small subgroup. Importantly, where efficacy is reported, this also needs to be considered in the context of concerns about the safety of anti-TNF-alpha therapies. Therefore the challenge for clinicians is to evaluate the risk/benefit ratio of these therapies in individual patients with asthma.
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            Rates of new-onset psoriasis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving anti-tumour necrosis factor α therapy: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register

            M J Harrison, W. Dixon, K. Watson … (2008)
            Background: Anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α treatments improve outcome in severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and are efficacious in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. However recent case reports describe psoriasis occurring as an adverse event in patients with RA receiving anti-TNFα therapy. Objectives: We aimed to determine whether the incidence rate of psoriasis was higher in patients with RA treated with anti-TNFα therapy compared to those treated with traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). We also compared the incidence rates of psoriasis between the three anti-TNFα drugs licensed for RA. Methods: We studied 9826 anti-TNF-treated and 2880 DMARD-treated patients with severe RA from The British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register (BSRBR). All patients reported with new onset psoriasis as an adverse event were included in the analysis. Incidence rates of psoriasis were calculated as events/1000 person years and compared using incidence rate ratios (IRR). Results: In all, 25 incident cases of psoriasis in patients receiving anti-TNFα therapy and none in the comparison cohort were reported between January 2001 and July 2007. The absence of any cases in the comparison cohort precluded a direct comparison; however the crude incidence rate of psoriasis in those treated with anti-TNFα therapy was elevated at 1.04 (95% CI 0.67 to 1.54) per 1000 person years compared to the rate of 0 (upper 97.5% CI 0.71) per 1000 person years in the patients treated with DMARDs. Patients treated with adalimumab had a significantly higher rate of incident psoriasis compared to patients treated with etanercept (IRR 4.6, 95% CI 1.7 to 12.1) and infliximab (IRR 3.5, 95% CI 1.3 to 9.3). Conclusions: Results from this study suggest that the incidence of psoriasis is increased in patients treated with anti-TNFα therapy. Our findings also suggest that the incidence may be higher in patients treated with adalimumab.
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              Reduction of relapses of atopic dermatitis with methylprednisolone aceponate cream twice weekly in addition to maintenance treatment with emollient: a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, controlled study.

              K E Vick, Kepa M San Sebastian, T. Fernandez Perez Tomei … (2008)
              The relapsing nature of atopic dermatitis (AD) presents a challenge for its long-term treatment. Efficacy and safety of corticosteroids have been proven in the acute treatment of active AD, but their long-term efficacy and potential to reduce or prevent relapses have only partially been addressed. To investigate long-term management (16 weeks) of AD with methylprednisolone aceponate (MPA) 0.1% cream twice weekly in addition to an emollient (Advabase((R))) after stabilization of an acute severe or very severe flare of AD with MPA cream. Patients > or = 12 years of age with a > or = 2-year history of moderate to severe AD were eligible for this multicentre, randomized, double-blind, controlled study if they presented with an acute flare of severe or very severe AD [Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) score > or = 4]. After successful treatment of the flare in an acute phase (AP), patients received either MPA twice weekly plus emollient or emollient alone over a 16-week maintenance phase (MP). The primary study endpoint was time to relapse of AD. Secondary endpoints included relapse rate and disease status, the patient's assessment of intensity of itch, the Eczema Area and Severity Index, the IGA score, affected body surface area, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and children's DLQI (CDLQI), patient's and investigator's global assessment of response and patient's assessment of quality of sleep. Two hundred and forty-nine patients entered the AP and 221 continued into the MP. Time to relapse was longer in the MPA group than in the emollient group. The probability of remaining free from relapse after 16 weeks was 87.1% in the MPA group compared with 65.8% for the emollient. Patients treated with MPA twice weekly had a 3.5-fold lower risk of experiencing a relapse than patients treated with emollient alone (hazard ratio 3.5, 95% confidence interval 1.9-6.4; P < 0.0001). MPA was also superior to emollient for all other efficacy endpoints. Therapy with both treatments was well tolerated. MPA twice weekly plus an emollient provides an effective maintenance treatment regimen to control AD. Once stabilized, treatment with MPA significantly reduces the risk of relapse and the intensity of itching, and improves the overall patient status.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): DRM
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Dermatology
                Journal ID (doi): 10.1159/issn.1018-8665
                Title: Dermatology
                Publisher: S. Karger AG
                ISSN (Print): 1018-8665
                ISSN (Electronic): 1421-9832
                Publication date Subscription-year: 2009
                Publication date (Print): October 2009
                Publication date (Electronic): 13 August 2009
                Volume: 219
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 263-267
                Affiliations
                Departments of aDermatology-Allergology and bInternal Medicine, Tenon Hospital, cDepartment of Dermatology, Tarnier Hospital, and Departments of dGastroenterology, eRheumatology and fPathology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
                Article
                Publisher ID: 235582 Other ID: Dermatology 2009;219:263–267
                DOI: 10.1159/000235582
                PubMed ID: 19684381
                SO-VID: 2d4baad3-46c4-4bb0-86d1-5b29fa129ae6
                Copyright © © 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel
                License:

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                Date received : 25 February 2009
                Date accepted : 20 May 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 2, References: 24, Pages: 5
                Categories
                Subject: Rapid Communication/Hot Topics

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy,Pathology,Surgery,Dermatology,Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                Keywords: Infliximab,Adverse drug reaction,Anti-tumor-necrosis-factor therapy,Eczema,Atopy
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy, Pathology, Surgery, Dermatology, Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                Keywords: Infliximab, Adverse drug reaction, Anti-tumor-necrosis-factor therapy, Eczema, Atopy

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