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      MicroRNAs in parathyroid physiopathology.

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          Abstract

          Parathyroid glands regulate calcium homeostasis through synthesis and secretion of parathormone (PTH). They sense the extracellular calcium concentration through the G-protein coupled calcium sensing receptor (CASR) and release PTH in order to preserve calcium concentration in the physiological range. Tumors of the parathyroid glands are common endocrine neoplasia associated with primary or secondary/tertiary hyperparathyroidisms. Small non-coding RNAs are regulators of gene expression able to modulate hormone synthesis, hormone release and endocrine cell proliferation. In this scenario, microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles have been investigated in parathyroid tumors, while miRNAs are involved in hypocalcemia and uremia-induced PTH release from normal parathyroid cells. Here we reviewed data about the role of miRNAs in the regulation of: 1) PTH synthesis and secretion; 2) CASR expression; 3) parathyroid cell tumorigenesis. Though studies about miRNAs in parathyroid gland pathophysiology are limited, they contribute in elucidating regulatory pathways involved in PTH release and parathyroid cell tumorigenesis.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.
          Molecular and cellular endocrinology
          Elsevier BV
          1872-8057
          0303-7207
          Nov 02 2016
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
          [2 ] Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.
          [3 ] Endocrinology Service, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: sabrina.corbetta@unimi.it.
          Article
          S0303-7207(16)30446-4
          10.1016/j.mce.2016.10.035
          27816765
          2db2d95c-8938-4f1a-8c0c-868abc7cdd0f
          History

          C19MC,Hyperparathyroidism,PTH,Parathyroid tumors,miRNAs
          C19MC, Hyperparathyroidism, PTH, Parathyroid tumors, miRNAs

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