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      Will genome detection replace serology in blood screening for microbial agents?

      Brain research. Brain research reviews
      Antibodies, Viral, blood, Blood Donors, DNA, Viral, HIV, genetics, Hepacivirus, Hepatitis B virus, Humans, RNA, Viral, Virus Diseases, diagnosis, immunology, Viruses

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          Abstract

          The residual risk of transfusion-transmitted viral infection in developed countries is considered minimal or negligible. However, zero risk remains a strong political objective. Genomic screening for HCV, HIV and HBV represents a major advance, eliminating infectious blood donations collected during the pre-seroconversion window period, rare cases of immunosilent infections and, possibly, a large spectrum of viral variants. In Western countries, HCV RNA genomic screening started on pools of 16-400 plasma samples from individual donations. Pooling may produce false-positive and false-negative results. Individual donation testing is more suitable to blood screening but requires multiplexing, automation, and affordable cost. Because donations from individuals who are HBV DNA-negative/serologically positive, or those apparently recovered from HCV infection, may remain infectious, it is unlikely that HBsAg, anti-HCV, and anti-HIV will be discontinued when genomic screening is extended to all three viruses. HIV-1 p24 antigen may prove redundant with HIV RNA screening. Anti-HTLV-I and HTLV-II will remain more effective than genomic testing. Copyright 2000 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          11102280
          10.1053/beha.2000.0103

          Chemistry
          Antibodies, Viral,blood,Blood Donors,DNA, Viral,HIV,genetics,Hepacivirus,Hepatitis B virus,Humans,RNA, Viral,Virus Diseases,diagnosis,immunology,Viruses

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