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      Nivel de Alfabetización en Salud entre Adultos Mayores Atendidos en Dos Centros Comunitarios de Rehabilitación Translated title: Level of Health Literacy among Older Adults Served in Two Community Rehabilitation Centers

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivos. Determinar el nivel de Alfabetización en Salud (AS) en población adulta mayor de 2 Centros Comunitarios de Rehabilitación del Norte de Chile Configuración y Diseño. Estudio descriptivo transversal Materiales y Métodos. Se aplicó el Cuestionario Short Assessment of Health Literacy for Spanish[1]Speaking Adults (SAHLSA-50), que evalúa alfabetización en Salud en Adultos Mayores (AM) atendidos en 2 Centros Comunitarios de Rehabilitación del Norte de Chile. Análisis Estadístico utilizado. Al comparar grupos que tenían variables normales se utilizó la prueba de T de Student, para 3 o más grupos se utilizó la prueba ANOVA. Para variables categóricas se utilizó la prueba de Chi-cuadrado Resultados. Se entrevistaron a 221 adultos mayores. Edad promedio 72,7 ± 5,9 años, 70,7% a mujeres. El 79,5% de los adultos mayores presenta un adecuado AS. Las diferencias en el puntaje del cuestionario SAHLSA-50 se presentaron con la escolaridad de los participantes, es mayor el puntaje a mayor escolaridad (p<0,001), y en edad, los sujetos que presentaban menor edad (><75 años) presentaban significativamente mayor puntaje (p><0,05) Conclusiones. El Cuestionario SAHLSA-50 evidenció un buen nivel de AS, sin embargo, se observa una mejor AS en sujetos de menor escolaridad y de menor edad.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Aims. To determine the level of Health Literacy (SA) in the older adult population of 2 Community Rehabilitation Centers in the North of Chile Settings and Design. descriptive and cross-sectional study Methods and Material. The Short Assessment of Health Literacy for Spanish-Speaking Adults Questionnaire (SAHLSA-50) was applied, which assesses health literacy in MA attended in 2 Community Rehabilitation Centers in the North of Chile. Statistical analysis used. When comparing groups that had normal variables, the Student's t test was used, for 3 or more groups the ANOVA test was used. For categorical variables, the Chi-square test was used Results. 221 older people were interviewed. Average age 72.7 ± 5.9 years, 70.7% women. 79.5% of the elderly have adequate SA. The differences in the score of the SAHLSA-50 questionnaire were presented with the schooling of the participants, the higher the score the higher the schooling (p <0.001), and in terms of age, the subjects who were younger (><75 years) had significantly higher score (p ><0.05) Conclusions. The SAHLSA-50 questionnaire showed a good level of SA, however, a better SA is observed in subjects with less education and younger age.

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          Health Literacy and Access to Care.

          Despite well-documented links between low health literacy, low rates of health insurance coverage, and poor health outcomes, there has been almost no research on the relationship between low health literacy and self-reported access to care. This study analyzed a large, nationally representative sample of community-dwelling adults ages 50 and older to estimate the relationship between low health literacy and self-reported difficulty obtaining care. We found that individuals with low health literacy were significantly more likely than individuals with adequate health literacy to delay or forgo needed care or to report difficulty finding a provider, even after we controlled for other factors, including health insurance coverage, employment, race/ethnicity, poverty, and general cognitive function. They were also more likely to lack a usual source of care, although this result was only marginally significant after we controlled for other factors. The results show that in addition to any obstacles that low health literacy creates within the context of the clinical encounter, low health literacy also reduces the probability that people get in the door of the health care system in a timely way.
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            Relationship between Health Literacy, Health-Related Behaviors and Health Status: A Survey of Elderly Chinese

            Background: Despite the large volume of research dedicated to health-related behavior change, chronic disease costs continue to rise, thus creating a major public health burden. Health literacy, the ability to seek, understand, and utilize health information, has been identified as an important factor in the course of chronic conditions. Little research has been conducted on the relationship between health literacy and health-related behaviors and health status in elderly Chinese. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between health literacy and health-related behaviors and health status in China. Methods: The subjects enrolled in this study were selected based on a stratified cluster random sampling design. Information involving >4500 older adults in 44 pension institutions in Urumqi, Changji, Karamay, and Shihezi of Xinjiang between September 2011 and June 2012 was collected. The Chinese Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire (China Health Education Centre, 2008) and a Scale of the General Status were administered and the information was obtained through face-to-face inquiries by investigators. A total of 1452 respondents met the inclusion criteria. A total of 1452 questionnaires were issued and the valid response rate was 96.14% (1396 of 1452). Factors affecting health literacy and the relationship to health literacy were identified by one-way ANOVA and a multiple linear regression model. Results: The average health literacy level of the elderly in nursing homes was relatively low (71.74 ± 28.35 points). There were significant differences in the health literacy score among the factors of age, gender, race, education level, household income, marital conditions, and former occupation (p 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the independent influencing factors of health literacy included education level, race, former occupation, household income, age, physical exercise, health examination, smoking, and health information access (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Health literacy was significantly associated with health-related behaviors in elderly Chinese. Further longitudinal studies are needed to help confirm that improving health literacy in the elderly may be effective in changing health-related behaviors. To reduce risky habits, educational interventions to improve health literacy should be simultaneously conducted in health promotion work.
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              Gender Differences in Health Literacy Among Korean Adults: Do Women Have a Higher Level of Health Literacy Than Men?

              The role of gender in determining the level of health literacy in Korean adults is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the level of health literacy in Korean adults and identify factors associated with health literacy by gender. This study employed a cross-sectional survey design with a convenient sample of 585 community-dwelling Korean adults age19 years and older. Health literacy was measured by using eight items selected from Chew et al.'s 16-question self-reported health literacy measure. In accordance with Andersen's health behavior model, predisposing, enabling, and need factors were included in the multiple regression model. Women indicated a higher level of health literacy than men in understanding medical forms, directions on medication bottles, and written information offered by health care providers. Additionally, for Korean women, a higher level of health literacy was associated with attaining a higher education level and having a consistent place to receive care. Unmarried men and men who had higher self-rated health reported a higher level of health literacy compared with their counterparts. Lower level of depression and higher monthly income were significantly linked to a higher level of health literacy in both men and women. This study has established the importance of gender differences in health literacy and suggests gender-specific intervention may be warranted to reduce the existing gap in health literacy in both Korean men and women. Future research should replicate this study to confirm whether or not our finding is an international phenomenon.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                jonnpr
                Journal of Negative and No Positive Results
                JONNPR
                Research and Science S.L. (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                2529-850X
                2021
                : 6
                : 11
                : 1327-1340
                Affiliations
                [3] Bío-Bío orgnameUniversidad San Sebastián orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de la Salud orgdiv2Programa, Magíster en Kinesiología Gerontológica y Geriátrica Chile
                [4] Alto Hospicio orgnameCCR CESFAM Dr. Pedro Pulgar Melgarejo Chile
                [2] La Serena orgnameCCR CESFAM Juan Pablo II Chile
                [5] Bío-Bío orgnameUniversidad San Sebastián orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Chile
                [1] Antofagasta orgnameUniversidad Católica del Norte orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Depto. de Salud Pública Chile
                [6] Bío-Bío orgnameUniversidad San Sebastián orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Para el Cuidado de la Salud Chile
                Article
                S2529-850X2021001100002 S2529-850X(21)00601100002
                10.19230/jonnpr.4155
                2f6358d1-0b71-42d4-8f7b-1d77035b17c6

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 February 2021
                : 14 December 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 27, Pages: 14
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Original

                Escolaridad,Alfabetización en salud,Adulto Mayor,functionality,Primary Health Care,status educational,Health Literacy,Elderly,Funcionalidad,Atención Primaria de Salud

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