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      Prospective memory partially mediates the association between aging and everyday functioning.

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          Abstract

          Objective: Older adults commonly experience declines in everyday functioning, the reasons for which are multifactorial. Prospective memory (PM), or remembering to carry out intended actions, can be an executively demanding cognitive process that declines with older age and is independently associated with a variety of everyday functions (e.g. taking medication). This study examined the hypothesis that PM mediates the relationship between older age and poorer everyday functioning.Method: A total of 468 community-dwelling adults (ages 18-75) with a range of medical comorbidities (e.g. viral infection) were classified as dependent on four well-validated measures of manifest everyday functioning: activities of daily living, employment status, the Karnofsky Scale of Performance Status, and self-reported cognitive symptoms. Participants completed the Memory for Intentions Test (MIsT) to measure PM, alongside clinical tests of executive functions and retrospective memory.Results: Controlling for education and comorbidities, bootstrap analysis revealed a significant direct effect of age on everyday functioning and a significant mediated effect of age on everyday functioning through the indirect effect of time-based b = .006 [.003, .010] and event-based PM (b = .005, [.002, .009]), as well as slightly smaller effects for executive functions (b = .003, [.001, .005]) and retrospective memory (b = .002, [.001, .005]).Conclusions: These cross-sectional data suggest that executively demanding aspects of declarative memory play an important partial mediating role between an individual factor (i.e. age) and daily life activities, and highlight the possible benefit of targeting PM for improving everyday functioning in older adults.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Clin Neuropsychol
          The Clinical neuropsychologist
          Informa UK Limited
          1744-4144
          1385-4046
          May 2020
          : 34
          : 4
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
          Article
          NIHMS1534004
          10.1080/13854046.2019.1637461
          6957765
          31304859
          2f6a326e-53dc-4855-9ab3-0800f643db9c
          History

          Mediation,activities of daily living,cognition,executive functions,older adults

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