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      Traços de temperamento associados ao transtorno afetivo bipolar: uma revisão integrativa da literatura Translated title: Temperament traits associated with bipolar affective disorder: an integrative literature review

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          Abstract

          Estudos associam características do temperamento ao mau ajustamento e desenvolvimento de transtornos psiquiátricos, entendendo-os como aspectos de vulnerabilidade à psicopatologia. O objetivo deste estudo é realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura a respeito dos traços de temperamento que caracterizam o transtorno afetivo bipolar em relação à população geral. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa sistemática sobre o tema nas bases de dados MEDLINE, PsycINFO e LILACS, utilizando os descritores bipolar disorder, temperament e/ou personality, no período compreendido entre janeiro de 2000 e dezembro de 2010. A consulta às bases de dados foi realizada em janeiro de 2011. A busca resultou em 199 artigos potenciais para compor a revisão. Após aplicação dos critérios de exclusão, 15 artigos foram selecionados para revisão e analisados na íntegra. Dentre os estudos selecionados, notou-se heterogeneidade no perfil das amostras e nos traços específicos de temperamento avaliados e respectivos instrumentos utilizados. Características de temperamento de pacientes bipolares são identificadas com base em diferentes modelos teóricos. De forma congruente, os resultados de cinco estudos apontaram que pacientes bipolares apresentam características relacionadas ao traço de personalidade denominado neuroticismo. Revisões futuras devem utilizar descritores mais específicos e restringir a busca a estudos com delineamento longitudinal.

          Translated abstract

          Studies have suggested an association between temperament characteristics and adjustment and psychiatric disorders, describing them as different manifestations of vulnerability to psychopathology. The objective of this study was to conduct an integrative review of the literature on temperament traits typical of bipolar patients in relation to the general population. A systematic search was conducted on the MEDLINE, PsycINFO and LILACS databases, using the headings bipolar disorder, temperament and/or personality, between January 2000 and December 2010. The search was performed in January 2011. A total of 199 articles were identified for potential inclusion in the review. After application of the exclusion criteria, a total of 15 articles were selected and their full texts analyzed. Review of the selected studies revealed heterogeneity in terms of sample profile and specific temperament traits assessed with the appropriate instruments. Temperament traits in bipolar patients are identified based on different theoretical models. The results of five studies consistently showed that neuroticism is a distinct personality trait in the temperament profile of bipolar patients. Future reviews should use more specific keywords and limit the search to studies with a longitudinal design.

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          The structure and stability of common mental disorders (DSM-III-R): a longitudinal-epidemiological study.

          The latent structure and stability of 10 common mental disorders were examined in a birth cohort at ages 18 and 21. A 2-factor model, in which some disorders were presumed to reflect internalizing problems and others were presumed to reflect externalizing problems, provided a more optimal fit to the data than either a 1- or a 4-factor model. To a significant extent, persons in the sample retained their relative positions on the latent factors across the 3-year period from age 18 to age 21. Results offer potential clarification of the meaning of comorbidity in psychopathology research by suggesting that comorbidity may results from common mental disorders being reliable, covariant indicators of stable, underlying "core psychopathological processes."
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            Introduction to the special section: toward a dimensionally based taxonomy of psychopathology.

            Much current psychopathology research is framed by categorical constructs. Limitations of categorical constructs have been articulated, and dimensional constructs are often proposed as viable alternatives to categories of psychopathology. The purpose of this Special Section is to articulate and discuss diverse issues that arise in contemplating dimensional constructs as targets for psychopathology research.
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              Suicide, big five personality factors, and depression at the American state level.

              The research determined the relation of the 2004-2005 American state suicide rates to state means on neuroticism, agreeableness, extraversion, openness, and conscientiousness as assessed by Rentfrow, Gosling, and Potter (2008). Multiple regression strategies were used to analyze relations between state suicide rates and state personality means with state socioeconomic status, White population percent, urban population percent, and depression rates controlled. Multiple regression analysis showed that neuroticism accounted for 32.0% and agreeableness another 16.3% of the variance in suicide rates when demographics and depression were controlled. Lower neuroticism and lower agreeableness were associated with higher suicide rates. Lower neuroticism and lower agreeableness may be important risk factors for completed suicide but not suicidal ideation or attempted suicide.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                trends
                Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
                Trends Psychiatry Psychother.
                Associação de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul (Porto Alegre )
                2238-0019
                2011
                : 33
                : 3
                : 169-180
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil
                [4 ] Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil
                Article
                S2237-60892011000300007
                10.1590/S2237-60892011000300007
                2f792db9-31d9-4827-8f4c-328b34a6e0a4

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=2237-6089&lng=en
                Categories
                PSYCHIATRY

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                review,Temperamento,transtorno bipolar,revisão,Temperament,bipolar disorder

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