Identification and Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria in a Commercial
Probiotic Culture

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to describe the identification and characterization (physiological properties) of two strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB 18 and 48) present in a commercial probiotic culture, FloraMax ^®-B11. Isolates were characterized morphologically, and identified biochemically. In addition, the MIDI System ID, the Biolog ID System, and 16S rRNA sequence analyses for identification of LAB 18 and LAB 48 strains were used to compare the identification results. Tolerance and resistance to acidic pH, high osmotic concentration of NaCl, and bile salts were tested in broth medium. In vitro assessment of antimicrobial activity against enteropathogenic bacteria and susceptibility to antibiotics were also tested. The results obtained in this study showed tolerance of LAB 18 and LAB 48 to pH 3.0, 6.5% NaCl and a high bile salt concentration (0.6%). Both strains evaluated showed in vitro antibacterial activity against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, Escherichia coli (O157:H7), and Campylobacter jejuni. These are important characteristics of lactic acid bacteria that should be evaluated when selecting strains to be used as probiotics. Antimicrobial activity of these effective isolates may contribute to efficacy, possibly by direct antimicrobial activity in vivo .

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In vitro selection criteria for probiotic bacteria of human origin: correlation with in vivo findings.

Belinda O’Sullivan, Brian S Flynn, B. E. Kiely … (2001)

The enteric flora comprises approximately 95% of the total number of cells in the human body and can elicit immune responses while protecting against microbial pathogens. However, the resident bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal tract may also be implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease). The objectives of the Probiotic Research Group based at University College Cork were to isolate and identify lactic acid bacteria exhibiting beneficial probiotic traits, such as bile tolerance in the absence of deconjugation activity, acid resistance, adherence to host epithelial tissue, and in vitro antagonism of pathogenic microorganisms or those suspected of promoting inflammation. To isolate potentially effective probiotic bacteria, we screened the microbial population adhering to surgically resected segments of the gastrointestinal tract (the environment in which they may subsequently be reintroduced and required to function). In total, 1500 bacterial strains from resected human terminal ilea were assessed. From among these organisms, Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salivarius strain UCC118 was selected for further study. In mouse feeding trials, milk-borne L. salivarius strain UCC118 could successfully colonize the murine gastrointestinal tract. A human feeding study conducted in 80 healthy volunteers showed that yogurt can be used as a vehicle for delivery of strain UCC118 to the human gastrointestinal tract with considerable efficacy in influencing gut flora and colonization. In summary, we developed criteria for in vitro selection of probiotic bacteria that may reflect certain in vivo effects on the host such as modulation of gastrointestinal tract microflora.

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Sources, isolation, characterisation and evaluation of probiotics.

Antonio Plaza, Ángel Gil-Agudo, Luis Fontana … (2012)

According to the FAO and the WHO, probiotics are 'live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host'. The strains most frequently used as probiotics include lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, which are isolated from traditional fermented products and the gut, faeces and breast milk of human subjects. The identification of microorganisms is the first step in the selection of potential probiotics. The present techniques, including genetic fingerprinting, gene sequencing, oligonucleotide probes and specific primer selection, discriminate closely related bacteria with varying degrees of success. Additional molecular methods, such as denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis/temperature gradient gel electrophoresis and fluorescence in situ hybridisation, are employed to identify and characterise probiotics. The ability to examine fully sequenced genomes has accelerated the application of genetic approaches to the elucidation of the functional roles of probiotics. One of the best-demonstrated clinical benefits of probiotics is the prevention and treatment of acute and antibiotic-associated diarrhoea;however, there is mounting evidence for a potential role for probiotics in the treatment of allergies and intestinal, liver and metabolic diseases. There are various mechanisms by which probiotics exert their beneficial effects: regulation of intestinal permeability, normalisation of host intestinal microbiota, improvement of gut immune barrier function, and adjustment between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The number of studies carried out to test the effects of probiotics in vitro and in animals is enormous. However, the most reliable method of assessing the therapeutic benefits of any probiotic strain is the use of randomised, placebo-controlled trials, which are reviewed in this article [corrected].

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A special fondness for lactobacilli.

Gerald Tannock (2004)

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biosci Microbiota Food Health

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biosci Microbiota Food Health

Journal ID (publisher-id): BMFH

Title: Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health

Publisher: Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health

ISSN (Print): 2186-6953

ISSN (Electronic): 2186-3342

Publication date (Electronic): 30 January 2014

Publication date (Print): 2014

Volume: 33

Issue: 1

Pages: 25-30

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA

Author notes

*Corresponding author. Mailing address: Guillermo Tellez, Department of Poutry Science, University of Arkanzas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. Fax: +1 479-575-8490. E-mail: gtellez@ 123456uark.edu

Article

Publisher ID: bmfh-2013-014

DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.33.25

PMC ID: 4034328

PubMed ID: 24936379

SO-VID: 2f8c114d-e4ef-4149-a774-2fecc4d19a8b

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd) License.

Identification and Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria in a Commercial Probiotic Culture

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Most cited references 16

In vitro selection criteria for probiotic bacteria of human origin: correlation with in vivo findings.

Sources, isolation, characterisation and evaluation of probiotics.

A special fondness for lactobacilli.

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