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      Katayama syndrome.

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          Abstract

          Katayama syndrome is an early clinical manifestation of schistosomiasis that occurs several weeks post-infection with Schistosoma spp (trematode) worms. Because of this temporal delay and its non-specific presentation, it is the form of schistosomiasis most likely to be misdiagnosed by travel medicine physicians and infectious disease specialists in non-endemic countries. Katayama syndrome appears between 14-84 days after non-immune individuals are exposed to first schistosome infection or heavy reinfection. Disease onset appears to be related to migrating schistosomula and egg deposition with individuals typically presenting with nocturnal fever, cough, myalgia, headache, and abdominal tenderness. Serum antibodies and schistosome egg excretion often substantiate infection if detected. Diffuse pulmonary infiltrates are found radiologically, and almost all cases have eosinophilia and a history of water contact 14-84 days before presentation of clinical symptoms; patients respond well to regimens of praziquantel with and without steroids. Artemisinin treatment given early after exposure may decrease the risk of the syndrome.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Lancet Infect Dis
          The Lancet. Infectious diseases
          Elsevier BV
          1473-3099
          1473-3099
          Mar 2007
          : 7
          : 3
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada. allen.ross@usask.ca
          Article
          S1473-3099(07)70053-1
          10.1016/S1473-3099(07)70053-1
          17317603
          2fb54965-31a2-4617-9cc3-a78397d3b786
          History

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