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      Validation of the French Version of the Child Posttraumatic Stress Checklist in French School-Aged Children

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          Abstract

          Background: The child posttraumatic stress disorder checklist (CPC) updated to DSM-5 is a questionnaire aimed to assess posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in children. It is available in both parents and child versions. The back-translation method has been used for the French translation of the CPC. It has not been yet validated in French-speaking populations. The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties and the validity of the CPC in a sample of French-speaking schoolchildren and their parents.

          Methods: The sample was composed by 176 children outpatients implicated in the Nice terrorist attack (14 July 2016) aged 7–17 (mean = 11.68 years, SD = 2.63 months) and 122 parents. Cronbach's alpha was used to test CPC internal consistency. The Spearman-correlation coefficient was performed between the French version of the CPC and the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL) to assess the convergent validity. An ROC curve was constructed to verify the validity of the cutoff scores. An evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of each score and a comparison with the diagnosis of the K-SADS-PL were made. Finally, a principal component analysis with varimax rotation was computed to analyze the structure of the French version of the CPC.

          Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.90 for child version and 0.91 for parent version of the CPC. There was a statistical correlation between the K-SADS-PL for PTSD and the total score of CPC for the child version ( r = 0.62; p < 0.001) and for the parent version ( r = 0.55; p < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of the children version with a threshold of >20 were 73.1 and 84.7%, respectively, using the K-SADS-PL as the diagnostic reference for PTSD. Concerning the parent version, using the same recommended cutoff score, the sensitivity, and specificity were 77 and 80.5%, respectively.

          Conclusions: The psychometric properties of the French CPC are good. This questionnaire appears to be valid and should be used in French-speaking children.

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          Most cited references31

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          Research domain criteria (RDoC): toward a new classification framework for research on mental disorders.

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            Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL): initial reliability and validity data.

            To describe the psychometric properties of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL) interview, which surveys additional disorders not assessed in prior K-SADS, contains improved probes and anchor points, includes diagnosis-specific impairment ratings, generates DSM-III-R and DSM-IV diagnoses, and divides symptoms surveyed into a screening interview and five diagnostic supplements. Subjects were 55 psychiatric outpatients and 11 normal controls (aged 7 through 17 years). Both parents and children were used as informants. Concurrent validity of the screen criteria and the K-SADS-PL diagnoses was assessed against standard self-report scales. Interrater (n = 15) and test-retest (n = 20) reliability data were also collected (mean retest interval: 18 days; range: 2 to 36 days). Rating scale data support the concurrent validity of screens and K-SADS-PL diagnoses. Interrater agreement in scoring screens and diagnoses was high (range: 93% to 100%). Test-retest reliability kappa coefficients were in the excellent range for present and/or lifetime diagnoses of major depression, any bipolar, generalized anxiety, conduct, and oppositional defiant disorder (.77 to 1.00) and in the good range for present diagnoses of posttraumatic stress disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (.63 to .67). Results suggest the K-SADS-PL generates reliable and valid child psychiatric diagnoses.
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              Medicine. Brain disorders? Precisely.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Front Psychiatry
                Front Psychiatry
                Front. Psychiatry
                Frontiers in Psychiatry
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                1664-0640
                20 August 2021
                2021
                : 12
                : 678916
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Hôpitaux Pédiatriques de Nice CHU-Lenval , Nice, France
                [2] 2Université Côte d'Azur, CoBTek, FRIS , Nice, France
                [3] 3Centre Expert du Psychotrauma PACA Corse , Nice, France
                [4] 4Département de Sante Publique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Cote d'Azur , Nice, France
                Author notes

                Edited by: David Cohen, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, France

                Reviewed by: Bertrand Olliac, University of Limoges, France; Alexis Revet, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, France

                *Correspondence: Arnaud Fernandez fernandez.a@ 123456pediatrie-chulenval-nice.fr

                This article was submitted to Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychiatry

                †These authors have contributed equally to this work

                Article
                10.3389/fpsyt.2021.678916
                8418351
                34489751
                2fde8cf2-d810-4a87-b9d4-d2e7ed68320d
                Copyright © 2021 Gindt, Richez, Battista, Fabre, Thümmler, Fernandez and Askenazy.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 10 March 2021
                : 07 June 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 1, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 7, Words: 4521
                Categories
                Psychiatry
                Original Research

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                cpc,french,validation,school-aged children,ptsd,psychiatry,psychometric properties

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