5
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Intoxicación por Spice e hiperglucemia Translated title: Spice intoxication and hyperglycemia

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Resumen Presentamos un caso de hiperglucemia secundaria a intoxicación por cannabinoides sintéticos (CS). Los CS son drogas de abuso con efectos similares a la marihuana pero con diferente estructura química, lo que evita su detección con los test de drogas utilizados habitualmente, dificultando su diagnóstico. Entre los posibles efectos secundarios de su uso se encuentra la hiperglucemia. Su consumo debe sospecharse ante hiperglucemias no explicables por otra causa, especialmente en pacientes jóvenes que presenten, además, otra clínica compatible con consumo de CS, tales como agitación, cuadro confusional o psicosis; debería interrogarse al paciente sobre su uso. Es importante, además, que la población diabética conozca los efectos secundarios de los cannabinoides sintéticos, para evitar su consumo por un sector de la población especialmente vulnerable a las consecuencias de su empleo.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract We present a case of intoxication by synthetic cannabinoids (SC). SC are substances of abuse with similar effects to Marijuana but with a different chemical structure, which avoids its detectability by regular drug tests, making diagnosis difficult. Among the possible side effects of their use is hyperglycemia. Their presence should be suspected in cases of hyperglycemia that cannot be explained by any other cause, especially in young patients presenting further symptoms of a clinical picture suggestive of SC consumption such as agitation, confusional symptoms or psychosis; the patient should be questioned about their use. It is important that the diabetic population knows the side effects of synthetic cannabinoids to avoid their consumption, as it is a sector of the population especially vulnerable to the consequences of their use.

          Related collections

          Most cited references14

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Synthetic cannabinoids: epidemiology, pharmacodynamics, and clinical implications.

          Synthetic cannabinoids (SC) are a heterogeneous group of compounds developed to probe the endogenous cannabinoid system or as potential therapeutics. Clandestine laboratories subsequently utilized published data to develop SC variations marketed as abusable designer drugs. In the early 2000s, SC became popular as "legal highs" under brand names such as Spice and K2, in part due to their ability to escape detection by standard cannabinoid screening tests. The majority of SC detected in herbal products have greater binding affinity to the cannabinoid CB1 receptor than does Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive compound in the cannabis plant, and greater affinity at the CB1 than the CB2 receptor. In vitro and animal in vivo studies show SC pharmacological effects 2-100 times more potent than THC, including analgesic, anti-seizure, weight-loss, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer growth effects. SC produce physiological and psychoactive effects similar to THC, but with greater intensity, resulting in medical and psychiatric emergencies. Human adverse effects include nausea and vomiting, shortness of breath or depressed breathing, hypertension, tachycardia, chest pain, muscle twitches, acute renal failure, anxiety, agitation, psychosis, suicidal ideation, and cognitive impairment. Long-term or residual effects are unknown. Due to these public health consequences, many SC are classified as controlled substances. However, frequent structural modification by clandestine laboratories results in a stream of novel SC that may not be legally controlled or detectable by routine laboratory tests.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Spice drugs are more than harmless herbal blends: a review of the pharmacology and toxicology of synthetic cannabinoids.

            "K2" and "Spice" drugs (collectively hereafter referred to as Spice) represent a relatively new class of designer drugs that have recently emerged as popular alternatives to marijuana, otherwise characterized as "legal highs". These drugs are readily available on the Internet and sold in many head shops and convenience stores under the disguise of innocuous products like herbal blends, incense, or air fresheners. Although package labels indicate "not for human consumption", the number of intoxicated people presenting to emergency departments is dramatically increasing. The lack of validated and standardized human testing procedures and an endless supply of potential drugs of abuse are primary reasons why researchers find it difficult to fully characterize clinical consequences associated with Spice. While the exact chemical composition and toxicology of Spice remains to be determined, there is mounting evidence identifying several synthetic cannabinoids as causative agents responsible for psychoactive and adverse physical effects. This review provides updates of the legal status of common synthetic cannabinoids detected in Spice and analytical procedures used to test Spice products and human specimens collected under a variety of clinical circumstances. The pharmacological and toxicological consequences of synthetic cannabinoid abuse are also reviewed to provide a future perspective on potential short- and long-term implications. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              "Spice" girls: synthetic cannabinoid intoxication.

              "Spice" refers to various synthetic cannabinoid-containing products that seem to have rapidly become popular recreational drugs of abuse. Very little medical literature currently exists detailing the adverse effects and emergency department (ED) presentations associated with "spice" use. To describe the presentation of 2 patients who recreationally used a "spice" product and to briefly summarize what is known about "spice" and synthetic cannabinoids. Two patients presented to the ED with, predominantly, anxiety after recreationally using a "spice" product that we subsequently confirmed to contain the synthetic cannabinoids, JWH-018 and JWH-073. We suspect that use of "spice" products may increase. Although anxiety was a prominent presentation in both of the patients described here, undoubtedly, future studies will describe the manifestations of intoxication and toxicity with the various synthetic cannabinoids. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                asisna
                Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra
                Anales Sis San Navarra
                Gobierno de Navarra. Departamento de Salud (Pamplona, Navarra, Spain )
                1137-6627
                April 2020
                : 43
                : 1
                : 87-91
                Affiliations
                [2] orgnameHospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias orgdiv1Servicio de Urgencias
                [1] orgnameHospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias orgdiv1Servicio de Medicina Interna
                Article
                S1137-66272020000100010 S1137-6627(20)04300100010
                10.23938/assn.0748
                30299550-b895-4891-8bf8-a2513805e037

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 December 2019
                : 24 August 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Notas Clínicas

                Hiperglucemia,Spice,Acute intoxication,Synthetic cannabinoids,Hyperglycemia,Abuso de drogas,Cannabinoides Sintéticos,Intoxicación Aguda,Drug abuse

                Comments

                Comment on this article