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      Paisajes en transición: gradientes urbano-rurales y antropización del bosque templado andino del sur de Chile

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN La asignación de categorías espaciales arbitrarias en los análisis de paisaje es un factor limitante al interpretar procesos socio-ecológicos que ocurren de forma continua en el paisaje. La noción de gradiente urbano-rural se ha utilizado para sortear dicho límite. En este trabajo analizamos la relación entre la estructura de los parches de vegetación nativa y el grado de antropización del paisaje en una cuenca del sur de Chile, con relación a la distancia a la ciudad. Se utilizaron 14 transectos para testear la disposición en gradientes de la antropización utilizando el Índice de Hemerobia, métricas de paisaje y topografía. Los resultados presentaron gradientes de intervención antrópica y de dominancia de clases en base a la distancia del centro urbano. Se distinguen tres secciones asociadas a una dominancia del área urbana, un sector de transición y de la clase bosque. Las transiciones del gradiente son la base para la vinculación entre patrones espaciales, procesos socio-ecológicos e intervención antrópica.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT The assignment of arbitrary spatial categories in landscape analysis is a limiting factor for interpreting socio-ecological processes that occur continuously in the landscape. The notion of urban-rural gradients has been used for avoiding this limitation. In this paper we analyze the relation between the structure of native vegetation patches and the degree of landscape anthropization in a watershed of southern Chile, in relation to the distance to the city. We used 14 transects to test the arrangement on anthropization gradients using the Hemeroby Index, landscape metrics, and topography. We found gradients of both anthropogenic intervention and class dominance in relation to the distance to the urban center. We distinguished three major sections associated with a dominance of the urban area, the forest class, and a transition zone. The transitions in the gradient are the basis for linking spatial patterns, socio-ecological processes and anthropogenic influences.

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          Scientists have traditionally studied recreation in nature by conducting surveys at entrances to major attractions such as national parks. This method is expensive and provides limited spatial and temporal coverage. A new source of information is available from online social media websites such as flickr. Here, we test whether this source of “big data” can be used to approximate visitation rates. We use the locations of photographs in flickr to estimate visitation rates at 836 recreational sites around the world, and use information from the profiles of the photographers to derive travelers' origins. We compare these estimates to empirical data at each site and conclude that the crowd-sourced information can indeed serve as a reliable proxy for empirical visitation rates. This new approach offers opportunities to understand which elements of nature attract people to locations around the globe, and whether changes in ecosystems will alter visitation rates.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rgeong
                Revista de geografía Norte Grande
                Rev. geogr. Norte Gd.
                Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Geografía (Santiago, , Chile )
                0718-3402
                December 2019
                : 74
                : 139-158
                Affiliations
                [4] Santiago Santiago de Chile orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Sociales orgdiv2Centro de Estudios Interculturales e Indígenas Chile
                [2] Ancud orgnameCentro de Estudio y Conservación del Patrimonio Natural Chile
                [5] Santiago Santiago de Chile orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Chile
                [3] Villarrica Santiago de Chile orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Chile orgdiv1Centro de Desarrollo Local orgdiv2Laboratorio ECOS Chile jtibarra@ 123456uc.cl
                [1] Santiago orgnameUniversität Heidelberg orgdiv1Heidelberg Center Lateinamerika Chile gvergara@ 123456heidelbergcenter.cl
                Article
                S0718-34022019000300139 S0718-3402(19)00007400139
                30b315a3-965f-4f08-80a1-2414d1709e5e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 50, Pages: 20
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS

                Spatial patterns,Landscape metrics,Patrones espaciales,Sistemas socio-ecológicos,Landscape Ecology,Socio-ecological systems,Hemeroby Index,Ecología del Paisaje,Índice de Hemerobia,Métricas de paisaje

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