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      A Polyphenolic Extract from Olive Mill Wastewaters Encapsulated in Whey Protein and Maltodextrin Exerts Antioxidant Activity in Endothelial Cells

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          Abstract

          The aim of the present study was to compare maltodextrin and whey protein as encapsulation carriers for olive mill wastewater (OMWW) phenolic extract for producing antioxidant powder, by using spray drying under 17 different conditions. In some samples, gelatin was also added in the encapsulation mixture. The antioxidant activity was assessed in vitro by using the DPPH , ABTS •+, reducing power and DNA plasmid strand breakage assays. The results showed that both materials were equally effective for producing antioxidant powder, although by using different conditions. For example, inlet/outlet temperature of the spray drying did not seem to affect the maltodextrin samples’ antioxidant activity, but whey protein samples showed better antioxidant activity at lower temperatures. Gelatin use decreased antioxidant activity, especially in whey protein samples. The two most potent samples, one encapsulated in maltodextrin and the other in whey protein, were examined for their antioxidant effects in human endothelial cells by assessing glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Both samples significantly enhanced the antioxidant molecule of GSH, while maltodextrin sample also decreased ROS. The present findings suggested both materials for encapsulation of OMWW extract for producing antioxidant powder which may be used in food products, especially for the protection from ROS-induced endothelium pathologies.

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          Applications of spray-drying in microencapsulation of food ingredients: An overview

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            Encapsulation of polyphenols – a review

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              Encapsulation efficiency and oxidative stability of flaxseed oil microencapsulated by spray drying using different combinations of wall materials

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Antioxidants (Basel)
                Antioxidants (Basel)
                antioxidants
                Antioxidants
                MDPI
                2076-3921
                05 August 2019
                August 2019
                : 8
                : 8
                : 280
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
                [2 ]Department of Biosystem Engineering, Technical Education Institute of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: stagkos@ 123456med.uth.gr ; Tel.: +30-2410-565229
                Article
                antioxidants-08-00280
                10.3390/antiox8080280
                6719156
                31387273
                310747b2-e830-4e0a-a4f1-dac4e12e6731
                © 2019 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 15 June 2019
                : 02 August 2019
                Categories
                Article

                olive mill wastewater,encapsulation,maltodextrin,whey protein,gelatin,spray drying,antioxidants,glutathione,endothelial cells

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