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      Neuere Entwicklungen in der Prävention und Behandlung von Beziehungsproblemen bei Paaren : Aktueller Forschungsstand und zukünftige Herausforderungen

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          Abstract

          Vor dem Hintergrund hoher Scheidungsraten, einer insgesamt mit zunehmender Partnerschaftsdauer sinkenden Beziehungszufriedenheit und den zahlreichen damit einhergehenden negativen Folgen für die Betroffenen und ihre Familien gewinnt die Prävention von Partnerschaftsstörungen nicht nur wissenschaftlich sondern auch politisch an immer größerer Bedeutung. Im Rahmen des Expertendialogs „Dialog über Deutschlands Zukunft” der Bundeskanzlerin wurden 2012 konkrete Vorschläge zur Förderung und Stärkung von Partnerschaften formuliert. Das vorliegende Review bietet in diesem Zusammenhang zunächst einen Überblick über die Folgen niedriger Partnerschaftsqualität. Darüber hinaus werden bereits bestehende evidenzbasierte Programme und deren Verfügbarkeit vorgestellt sowie Schwierigkeiten bei der Dissemination benannt. Anschließend werden Empfehlungen für die zukünftige Forschung und Praxis herausgearbeitet. Hierzu zählen im Bereich der Forschung die Durchführung von Langzeitstudien sowie die Adaption evidenzbasierter Programme an bestimmte Risikogruppen. Im Hinblick auf die Praxis werden Vorschläge, wie die Entwicklung eines Mehrebenen-Modells, der Aufbau einer einheitlichen Organisationsstruktur sowie erste internationale Versuche der Umsetzung zusammenfassend diskutiert.

          New developments in the prevention and treatment of relationship problems in couples: Current research and future challenges

          Cross-national data reliably indicate a high prevalence of relationship distress and dissolution with adverse emotional and physical health consequences for adult partners and their children. Accordingly, the prevention of couple distress and dissolution is becoming increasingly important in policy and research. Recently German experts have proposed several recommendations to support and strengthen couples in the future (“Dialog über Deutschlands Zukunft”–“Dialog on the future of Germany”). To realize these recommendations, widespread information about existing efforts and evidence-based programs is needed. In this context, the review at hand provides an overview of the consequences of relationship dissatisfaction and divorce for partners and their families. Evidence-based prevention programs are described, including their availability and dissemination challenges. Moreover, implications for future research, dissemination, and policy in the couple area are proposed. With regard to research, the need for longitudinal studies and the adaption of evidenced-based interventions for groups at a high risk for relationship distress are highlighted. In terms of dissemination and policy, the development of multilevel interventions to assist couples, the creation of an organization and structure to oversee the development and dissemination of couple interventions, and first efforts to support couples on a large scale are discussed.

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          Most cited references48

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          Marriage and health: His and hers.

          This review focuses on the pathway leading from the marital relationship to physical health. Evidence from 64 articles published in the past decade, particularly marital interaction studies, suggests that marital functioning is consequential for health; negative dimensions of marital functioning have indirect influences on health outcomes through depression and health habits, and direct influences on cardiovascular, endocrine, immune, neurosensory, and other physiological mechanisms. Moreover, individual difference variables such as trait hostility augment the impact of marital processes on biological systems. Emerging themes in the past decade include the importance of differentiating positive and negative dimensions of marital functioning, the explanatory power of behavioral data, and gender differences in the pathways from the marital relationship to physiological functioning. Contemporary models of gender that emphasize self-processes, traits, and roles furnish alternative perspectives on the differential costs and benefits of marriage for men's and women's health.
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            The longitudinal course of marital quality and stability: a review of theory, method, and research.

            Although much has been learned from cross-sectional research on marriage, an understanding of how marriages develop, succeed, and fail is best achieved with longitudinal data. In view of growing interest in longitudinal research on marriage, the authors reviewed and evaluated the literature on how the quality and stability of marriages change over time. First, prevailing theoretical perspectives are examined for their ability to explain change in marital quality and stability. Second, the methods and findings of 115 longitudinal studies--representing over 45,000 marriages--are summarized and evaluated, yielding specific suggestions for improving this research, Finally, a model is outlined that integrates the strengths of previous theories of marriage, accounts for established findings, and indicates new directions for research on how marriages change.
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              Family Structure, Father Involvement, and Adolescent Behavioral Outcomes

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                pru
                Psychologische Rundschau
                Hogrefe Verlag, Göttingen
                0033-3042
                2190-6238
                Januar 2014
                : 65
                : 1
                : 11-23
                Author notes
                Ann-Katrin Job, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Psychologie, Humboldtstraße 33, 38106 Braunschweig, E-Mail: a-k.job@ 123456tu-braunschweig.de
                Article
                pru_65_1_11
                10.1026/0033-3042/a000187
                31122808-b466-499e-97a3-e1826e979703
                Copyright @ 2014
                History
                Categories
                Originalia

                Psychology
                Dissemination,Familienpolitik,intimate relationships,relationship education,prevention,longitudinal studies,divorce,dissemination,family policy,Intime Beziehungen,Partnerschaftsprobleme,Prävention,Langzeitstudien,Scheidung

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