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      Historical evolution of organic matter accumulation in a coastal bay in the SW Atlantic, Brazil: use of sterols and n-alcohols as molecular markers

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          Abstract

          The deposition processes and preservation of organic matter (OM) in the sediments of Ilha Grande Bay, SW Atlantic, were evaluated based on elemental composition (C and N) and molecular markers (sterols and n-alcohols). Samples from four dated sediment cores, representing distinct levels and type of human influence, were analyzed. The concentration of total sterols ranged from 71 to 9,320 ng g-1, with 24-ethyl-cholesta-5,22-dien-3β-ol, 24-ethyl-cholesta-5-en-3β-ol and 24-ethyl-5a-cholesta-3β-ol as the most abundant compounds. The n-alcohols, with a total concentration between 130 and 15,407 ng g-1, were dominated by long-chain compounds (> C22). Assignments of the selected markers to terrestrial or marine sources were evaluated using principal component analysis (PCA). The trends and events that influenced the OM accumulation in the last decades were also revealed by the PCA, as the increasing human settlement in the region and the removal of a mangrove forest occurred between 1940 and 1960. The absence or low level of sewage contamination was indicated by the sterol coprostanol and associated indexes.

          Translated abstract

          Os processos de deposição e preservação de matéria orgânica (OM) em sedimentos da Baía de Ilha Grande, sudoeste Atlântico, foram avaliados através de análise elementar (C e N) e de marcadores moleculares (esteróis e n-alcoois). Foram analisadas amostras de quatro testemunhos datados, representando diferentes níveis e tipos de influência antrópica. A concentração total de esteróis variou de 71 a 9.320 ng g-1, com predomínio de 24-etil-colesta-5,22-dien-3β-ol, 24-etil-colest-5-en-3β-ol e 24-etil-5a-colest-3β-ol. Entre os n-alcoóis, com concentrações totais entre 130 a 15.407 ng g-1, houve predomínio de compostos de cadeia longa (> C22). A confirmação da origem terrestre ou marinha dos marcadores moleculares selecionados foi realizada por análise de componentes principais (PCA). A PCA revelou, ainda, tendência e eventos que influenciaram o acúmulo de OM nas últimas décadas, como o aumento na ocupação humana na região e a remoção de uma floresta de manguezal ocorrida entre 1940 e 1960. A ausência ou baixa contaminação fecal foi revelada através do esterol coprostanol e índices associados.

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          Sci. Total Environ.

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            Org. Geochem.

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              Molecular Markers in Environmental Geochemistry

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                jbchs
                Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
                J. Braz. Chem. Soc.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Química (São Paulo )
                1678-4790
                August 2014
                : 25
                : 8
                : 1380-1390
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                [2 ] Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                Article
                S0103-50532014000800009
                10.5935/0103-5053.20140120
                3136cb79-411d-4566-a69b-e913ce1e8391

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0103-5053&lng=en
                Categories
                CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

                General chemistry
                molecular markers,sediment cores,land-use,eutrophication
                General chemistry
                molecular markers, sediment cores, land-use, eutrophication

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