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      Dicarboxylic esters: Useful tools for the biocatalyzed synthesis of hybrid compounds and polymers

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          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Summary

          Dicarboxylic acids and their derivatives (esters and anhydrides) have been used as acylating agents in lipase-catalyzed reactions in organic solvents. The synthetic outcomes have been dimeric or hybrid derivatives of bioactive natural compounds as well as functionalized polyesters.

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          Improving enzymes by using them in organic solvents.

          A M Klibanov (2001)
          The technological utility of enzymes can be enhanced greatly by using them in organic solvents rather than their natural aqueous reaction media. Studies over the past 15 years have revealed not only that this change in solvent is feasible, but also that in such seemingly hostile environments enzymes can catalyse reactions impossible in water, become more stable, and exhibit new behaviour such as 'molecular memory'. Of particular importance has been the discovery that enzymatic selectivity, including substrate, stereo-, regio- and chemoselectivity, can be markedly affected, and sometimes even inverted, by the solvent. Enzyme-catalysed reactions in organic solvents, and even in supercritical fluids and the gas phase, have found numerous potential applications, some of which are already commercialized.
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            Enzymatic polymer synthesis: an opportunity for green polymer chemistry.

            Shiro Kobayashi, Akira Makino (2009)
            Article 0 comments Cited 103 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Biocatalysis in ionic liquids - advantages beyond green technology.

              Seongsoon Park, R Kazlauskas (2003)
              In recent years researchers have started to explore a particular class of organic solvents called room temperature ionic liquids - or simply ionic liquids - to identify their unique advantages for biocatalysis. Because they lack vapour pressure, ionic liquids hold potential as green solvents. Furthermore, unlike organic solvents of comparable polarity, they often do not inactivate enzymes, which simplifies reactions involving polar substrates such as sugars. Biocatalytic reactions in ionic liquids have also shown higher selectivity, faster rates and greater enzyme stability; however, these solvents present other challenges, among them difficulties in purifying ionic liquids and controlling water activity and pH, higher viscosity and problems with product isolation.
              Article 0 comments Cited 73 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Sergio Riva
                Nicholas Turner: Role: Guest Editor
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Beilstein J Org Chem
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Beilstein J Org Chem
                Title: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry
                Publisher: Beilstein-Institut (Trakehner Str. 7-9, 60487 Frankfurt am Main, Germany )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1860-5397
                Publication date Collection: 2015
                Publication date (Electronic): 9 September 2015
                Volume: 11
                Pages: 1583-1595
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR, via Mario Bianco 9, Milano, Italy
                [2 ]School of Biotechnology, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Albanova KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
                Article
                DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.174
                PMC ID: 4660951
                PubMed ID: 26664578
                SO-VID: 313a67ce-7cca-49a0-84f1-1f9bc3047913
                Copyright © Copyright © 2015, Bassanini et al; licensee Beilstein-Institut.
                License:

                This is an Open Access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                The license is subject to the Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry terms and conditions: ( http://www.beilstein-journals.org/bjoc)

                History
                Date received : 29 June 2015
                Date accepted : 21 August 2015
                Categories
                Subject: Review
                Subject: Chemistry
                Subject: Organic Chemistry

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Organic & Biomolecular chemistry
                Keywords: biocatalysis,dicarboxylic acids,lipase,polyesters,regioselectivity
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Organic & Biomolecular chemistry
                Keywords: biocatalysis, dicarboxylic acids, lipase, polyesters, regioselectivity

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