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      Therapeutic potentials of superoxide dismutase

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      Author(s):
      Publication date (Print):
      Journal: International Journal of Health Sciences
      Publisher: Qassim Uninversity
      Keywords: Oxidative stress, superoxide dismutase, therapeutic effects

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          Abstract

          Superoxide dismutases (SODs) constitute a very important antioxidant defense against oxidative stress in the body. The enzyme acts as a good therapeutic agent against reactive oxygen species-mediated diseases. The present review describes the therapeutic effects of SOD in various physiological and pathological conditions such as cancer, inflammatory diseases, cystic fibrosis, ischemia, aging, rheumatoid arthritis, neurodegenerative diseases, and diabetes. However, the enzyme has certain limitations in clinical applications. Therefore, SOD conjugates and mimetics have been developed to increase its therapeutic efficiency. Here, an overview is provided of some in vivo therapeutic effects observed with SOD.

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          From Charcot to Lou Gehrig: deciphering selective motor neuron death in ALS.

          D W Cleveland, J D Rothstein (2001)
          Article 0 comments Cited 282 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Role of oxidative stress in diabetic complications: a new perspective on an old paradigm.

            Susannah Thorpe, A J Baynes (1998)
            Oxidative stress and oxidative damage to tissues are common end points of chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis. The question addressed in this review is whether increased oxidative stress has a primary role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications or whether it is a secondary indicator of end-stage tissue damage in diabetes. The increase in glycoxidation and lipoxidation products in plasma and tissue proteins suggests that oxidative stress is increased in diabetes. However, some of these products, such as 3-deoxyglucosone adducts to lysine and arginine residues, are formed independent of oxidation chemistry. Elevated levels of oxidizable substrates may also explain the increase in glycoxidation and lipoxidation products in tissue proteins, without the necessity of invoking an increase in oxidative stress. Further, age-adjusted levels of oxidized amino acids, a more direct indicator of oxidative stress, are not increased in skin collagen in diabetes. We propose that the increased chemical modification of proteins by carbohydrates and lipids in diabetes is the result of overload on metabolic pathways involved in detoxification of reactive carbonyl species, leading to a general increase in steady-state levels of reactive carbonyl compounds formed by both oxidative and nonoxidative reactions. The increase in glycoxidation and lipoxidation of tissue proteins in diabetes may therefore be viewed as the result of increased carbonyl stress. The distinction between oxidative and carbonyl stress is discussed along with the therapeutic implications of this difference.
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              Superoxide dismutase mimics: chemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic potential.

              Julio Reboucas, Ines Batinic-Haberle, Ivan Spasojevic (2010)
              Oxidative stress has become widely viewed as an underlying condition in a number of diseases, such as ischemia-reperfusion disorders, central nervous system disorders, cardiovascular conditions, cancer, and diabetes. Thus, natural and synthetic antioxidants have been actively sought. Superoxide dismutase is a first line of defense against oxidative stress under physiological and pathological conditions. Therefore, the development of therapeutics aimed at mimicking superoxide dismutase was a natural maneuver. Metalloporphyrins, as well as Mn cyclic polyamines, Mn salen derivatives and nitroxides were all originally developed as SOD mimics. The same thermodynamic and electrostatic properties that make them potent SOD mimics may allow them to reduce other reactive species such as peroxynitrite, peroxynitrite-derived CO(3)(*-), peroxyl radical, and less efficiently H(2)O(2). By doing so SOD mimics can decrease both primary and secondary oxidative events, the latter arising from the inhibition of cellular transcriptional activity. To better judge the therapeutic potential and the advantage of one over the other type of compound, comparative studies of different classes of drugs in the same cellular and/or animal models are needed. We here provide a comprehensive overview of the chemical properties and some in vivo effects observed with various classes of compounds with a special emphasis on porphyrin-based compounds.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Health Sci (Qassim)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Health Sci (Qassim)
                Title: International Journal of Health Sciences
                Publisher: Qassim Uninversity (Saudi Arabia )
                ISSN (Print): 1658-3639
                Publication date (Print): May-Jun 2018
                Volume: 12
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 88-93
                Affiliations
                [1]Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: H. Younus, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh - 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India. Tel.: +91 571 2720 388. Fax: +91 571 272 1776. E-mail: hinayounus@ 123456rediffmail.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: IJHS-12-88
                DOI: 10.1007/springerreference_39784
                PMC ID: 5969776
                PubMed ID: 29896077
                SO-VID: 3145f7c5-8d97-48e8-af7f-f248732f1044
                Copyright © Copyright: © International Journal of Health Sciences
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                Keywords: oxidative stress,superoxide dismutase,therapeutic effects
                Data availability:
                Keywords: oxidative stress, superoxide dismutase, therapeutic effects

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