21
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found

      Glucocorticoid Receptor, Nuclear Factor κB, Activator Protein-1 and C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPubMed
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Objective: Due to the crucial role of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), nuclear factor ĸB (NFĸB), activator protein-1 (AP-1) and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in regulating inflammatory mediators and immune responses, we investigated their potential role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Patients and Methods: Whole cell and nuclear extracts from peripheral blood lymphocytes, isolated from 25 SLE patients and 25 controls, were immunoblotted using GR, p65/NFĸB, c-fos and JNK1 antibodies. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) assessed GR, NFĸB and AP-1-DNA binding in nuclear aliquots. Associations with the disease state and the doses of corticosteroids administered were studied. Results: (i) SLE patients had lower GR-DNA binding (p < 0.001), NFĸB-DNA binding (p < 0.001) and whole cell c-fos (p < 0.01) but higher nuclear NFĸB (p < 0.01). (ii) SLE patients and controls had similar AP-1-DNA binding, nuclear c-fos, GR and JNK, whole cell GR, NFĸB and JNK. (iii) No differences were detected between active and non-active SLE or high- and low-dose corticosteroid patients. (iv) In SLE, increases in GR-DNA binding were associated with increases in NFĸB-DNA binding (p < 0.0001), and increases in nuclear JNK were associated with increases in AP-1-DNA binding (p < 0.01). (v) In controls, increases in GR-DNA binding were associated with increases in AP-1-DNA binding (p < 0.001). Conclusion: We suggest disturbed GR, NFĸB, AP-1 and JNK signaling in SLE, characterized by a reduced GR- and NFĸB-DNA binding, a significant association between GR-mediated and NFĸB-driven pathways, and a significant correlation between nuclear JNK- and AP-1-driven pathways. These disturbances may contribute to abnormal cytokine production and the etiopathogenesis of SLE.

          Related collections

          Most cited references30

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Rapid detection of octamer binding proteins with 'mini-extracts', prepared from a small number of cells.

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            JNK1: a protein kinase stimulated by UV light and Ha-Ras that binds and phosphorylates the c-Jun activation domain.

            The ultraviolet (UV) response of mammalian cells is characterized by a rapid and selective increase in gene expression mediated by AP-1 and NF-kappa B. The effect on AP-1 transcriptional activity results, in part, from enhanced phosphorylation of the c-Jun NH2-terminal activation domain. Here, we describe the molecular cloning and characterization of JNK1, a distant relative of the MAP kinase group that is activated by dual phosphorylation at Thr and Tyr during the UV response. Significantly, Ha-Ras partially activates JNK1 and potentiates the activation caused by UV. JNK1 binds to the c-Jun transactivation domain and phosphorylates it on Ser-63 and Ser-73. Thus, JNK1 is a component of a novel signal transduction pathway that is activated by oncoproteins and UV irradiation. These properties indicate that JNK1 activation may play an important role in tumor promotion.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              The interplay between the glucocorticoid receptor and nuclear factor-kappaB or activator protein-1: molecular mechanisms for gene repression.

              The inflammatory response is a highly regulated physiological process that is critically important for homeostasis. A precise physiological control of inflammation allows a timely reaction to invading pathogens or to other insults without causing overreaction liable to damage the host. The cellular signaling pathways identified as important regulators of inflammation are the signal transduction cascades mediated by the nuclear factor-kappaB and the activator protein-1, which can both be modulated by glucocorticoids. Their use in the clinic includes treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, allograft rejection, and allergic skin diseases. Although glucocorticoids have been widely used since the late 1940s, the molecular mechanisms responsible for their antiinflammatory activity are still under investigation. The various molecular pathways proposed so far are discussed in more detail.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                NIM
                Neuroimmunomodulation
                10.1159/issn.1021-7401
                Neuroimmunomodulation
                S. Karger AG
                1021-7401
                1423-0216
                2006
                March 2007
                29 March 2007
                : 13
                : 4
                : 194-204
                Affiliations
                Departments of aBiological Chemistry and bPathophysiology, University of Athens Medical School, and cDepartment of Animal Breeding, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
                Article
                100474 Neuroimmunomodulation 2006;13:194–204
                10.1159/000100474
                17347585
                3188d528-f473-473c-80b9-750144ac56b7
                © 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                : 31 August 2006
                : 02 January 2007
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 3, References: 53, Pages: 11
                Categories
                Original Paper

                Endocrinology & Diabetes,Neurology,Nutrition & Dietetics,Sexual medicine,Internal medicine,Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                NFĸB,Lymphocytes,Autoimmunity,AP-1,Glucocorticoid receptor,Systemic lupus erythematosus,JNK

                Comments

                Comment on this article