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      A coesão de equipes em cena: Discussão da sua natureza e consequentes Translated title: La cohesión de equipos en escena: Discusión de su naturaleza y consecuentes Translated title: Cohesion of teams on the scene: Discussion of their nature and consequent

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          Abstract

          Considerando a centralidade da coesão para o bom desempenho de equipes de trabalho, foi realizada uma pesquisa empírica com o objetivo de identificar a estrutura dimensional do fenômeno e elucidar os seus componentes constitutivos, assim como investigar o poder preditivo da coesão em relação à efetividade de equipes. A realização do estudo empírico contou com as respostas de 177 membros de equipes, em uma primeira amostra, e uma segunda amostra composta por 138 participantes. Uma escala de medida da coesão, em língua inglesa, serviu como referência para a elaboração de um instrumento adequado ao contexto brasileiro. Os resultados da análise fatorial exploratória mostraram que a solução unifatorial foi a mais satisfatória e explica aproximadamente 72% de variância. Análises de padrões de variância dentro e entre grupos revelaram que a medida foca em fenômeno do nível individual e não no nível das equipes (meso). As correlações com os critérios de efetividade mostraram associações significativas e positivas entre as variáveis, mostrando o poder preditivo da medida.

          Translated abstract

          Considerando la centralidad de la cohesión para en buen desempeño de los equipos de trabajo, se realizó una investigación empírica con el objetivo de identificar la estructura dimensional del fenómeno, buscando identificar sus componentes estructurantes y verificar el poder de predicción de la cohesión en relación a la efectividad de los equipos. El estudio empírico contó con las respuestas de 177 miembros de equipos (muestra 1) y 138 participantes en una segunda muestra. Una escala de cohesión, en lengua inglesa, sirvió de referencia para la elaboración del instrumento adecuado al contexto brasileño. Los resultados del análisis factorial exploratorio mostraron que la solución más satisfactoria condensa un factor único que explica 72% de variancia. El análisis de padrones de variancia dentro y entre grupos mostro que la escala foca en un fenómeno individual y no grupal (meso). Las correlaciones con los criterios de efectividad muestran asociaciones significativas positivas entre las variables y revelan el poder predictivo de la medida.

          Translated abstract

          Considering the central role that group cohesion plays to obtain a good work team performance, an empirical study was undertaken that sought to identify the dimensional structure of group cohesion revealing its constituent components and to determine the predictive power of group cohesion in relation to team effectiveness. The study obtained the data of 177 team members (sample 1) and 138 participants on a second sample. An instrument measuring cohesion, in English, served as reference for the elaboration of an instrument adapted to the Brazilian context. Results of exploratory factor analysis indicated a unidimensional solution explaining 72% of the total variance. Analysis of variance within and between groups revealed that the instrument is focusing on the individual level and not on the team level. Correlations with the criteria of effectiveness showed significant and positive associations among the variables, showing the predictive power of the instrument.

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          Enhancing the Effectiveness of Work Groups and Teams.

          Teams of people working together for a common purpose have been a centerpiece of human social organization ever since our ancient ancestors first banded together to hunt game, raise families, and defend their communities. Human history is largely a story of people working together in groups to explore, achieve, and conquer. Yet, the modern concept of work in large organizations that developed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries is largely a tale of work as a collection of individual jobs. A variety of global forces unfolding over the last two decades, however, has pushed organizations worldwide to restructure work around teams, to enable more rapid, flexible, and adaptive responses to the unexpected. This shift in the structure of work has made team effectiveness a salient organizational concern. Teams touch our lives everyday and their effectiveness is important to well-being across a wide range of societal functions. There is over 50 years of psychological research-literally thousands of studies-focused on understanding and influencing the processes that underlie team effectiveness. Our goal in this monograph is to sift through this voluminous literature to identify what we know, what we think we know, and what we need to know to improve the effectiveness of work groups and teams. We begin by defining team effectiveness and establishing the conceptual underpinnings of our approach to understanding it. We then turn to our review, which concentrates primarily on topics that have well-developed theoretical and empirical foundations, to ensure that our conclusions and recommendations are on firm footing. Our review begins by focusing on cognitive, motivational/affective, and behavioral team processes-processes that enable team members to combine their resources to resolve task demands and, in so doing, be effective. We then turn our attention to identifying interventions, or "levers," that can shape or align team processes and thereby provide tools and applications that can improve team effectiveness. Topic-specific conclusions and recommendations are given throughout the review. There is a solid foundation for concluding that there is an emerging science of team effectiveness and that findings from this research foundation provide several means to improve team effectiveness. In the concluding section, we summarize our primary findings to highlight specific research, application, and policy recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of work groups and teams.
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            Informal social communication.

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              Cohesion and performance in groups: a meta-analytic clarification of construct relations.

              Previous meta-analytic examinations of group cohesion and performance have focused primarily on contextual factors. This study examined issues relevant to applied researchers by providing a more detailed analysis of the criterion domain. In addition, the authors reinvestigated the role of components of cohesion using more modern meta-analytic methods and in light of different types of performance criteria. The results of the authors' meta-analyses revealed stronger correlations between cohesion and performance when performance was defined as behavior (as opposed to outcome), when it was assessed with efficiency measures (as opposed to effectiveness measures), and as patterns of team workflow became more intensive. In addition, and in contrast to B. Mullen and C. Copper's (1994) meta-analysis, the 3 main components of cohesion were independently related to the various performance domains. Implications for organizations and future research on cohesion and performance are discussed. ((c) 2003 APA, all rights reserved)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                epsic
                Estudos de Psicologia (Natal)
                Estud. psicol. (Natal)
                Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia e do Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (Natal, RN, Brazil )
                1413-294X
                1678-4669
                June 2018
                : 23
                : 2
                : 89-98
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameVMB Consultoria Organizacional
                [02] orgnameUniversidade de Brasília
                Article
                S1413-294X2018000200001
                10.22491/1678-4669.20180010
                3191eeb4-002a-4d91-bba7-0ed84ff4599d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 24 January 2017
                : 23 July 2017
                : 19 September 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia

                Categories
                Psicologia Social do Trabalho

                group processes,team satisfaction,effectiveness of teams,satisfacción de equipos,efectividad de equipos,procesos grupales,satisfação de equipes,efetividade de equipes,processos grupais

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