13
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Características Morfofuncionales del Pie de Deportistas Universitarios Chilenos en Diez Disciplinas Deportivas Translated title: Morphofunctional Foot Characteristics of Chilean University Athletes in Ten Sports Disciplines

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          RESUMEN: Se sabe que hay gran variabilidad en la morfología de las zonas del pie entre sujetos. Esto es más evidente en deportistas, ya que la práctica de deportes somete a los pies a presiones y deformaciones anatómicas mayores que las que se ejercen en actividades de la vida diaria. Por lo anterior, se desprende que el conocimiento de la morfología del pie de la población objetivo es de alto interés para la confección de calzado apropiado a su forma y dimensiones. El objetivo de esta investigación es caracterizar variables morfológicas referidas a las dimensiones del pie de deportistas seleccionados universitarios chilenos. La muestra se conformó de 169 sujetos de ambos sexos de una población de deportistas universitarios de 23,27 años, 71 kilogramos, 1,71 metros de estatura e índice de masa corporal de 24,29. En las mediciones se utilizó un antropómetro y la clasificación del Arco Plantar Longitudinal Medial (APLM) se realizó mediante el Arch Index. Se demostró que la longitud del pie en hombres y mujeres se corresponde con el 15 % de la estatura del sujeto. La variable Ancho Antepie Normalizado (AAN) equivale al 39 % de la Longitud del Pie (LP), no registrándose diferencias entre sexos. El Ancho del Retropié por su parte, fue correspondiente con el 25 % de LP. El Ancho de Retropie (AR) equivale al 63 % del Ancho Antepie (AA). En cuanto al APLM, las mujeres presentan valores de normalidad ubicados entre 0,13 y 0,24 para pie izquierdo y 0,17 y 0,24 para pie derecho. Se aprecia que la prevalencia de pies planos fue mayor en hombres (25 % a 28 %) que en mujeres (4 % a 6 %) y la prevalencia de pies cavos fue mayor en mujeres (47 % a 53 %) respecto a hombres (27 % a 31 %).

          Translated abstract

          SUMMARY: It is known that there is great variability in the morphology of feet areas among different subjects. This is more evident in athletes, since the practice of sports subjects their feet to greater pressures and anatomical deformations, other than those exerted during daily life activities. It is clear therefore, that knowledge of the target population foot morphology is of high interest for the production of appropriate footwear to its shapes and dimensions. The objective of this research is to characterize morphological variables related to the feet of selected Chilean university athletes. The sample consisted of 169 subjects of both sexes of university population athletes of an average age of 23.27 years, 71 kilograms, 1.71 meters height and body mass index of 24.29. An anthropometer was used for measurements and the classification of the Medial Longitudinal Plantar Arch (MLPA) was performed by the Arch Index. It was shown that foot length corresponds to 15 % of the subject’s height. The Normal Forefoot Width (NFW) variable is equal to 39% of Foot Length (FL), with no differences between sexes. Posterior foot width corresponded to 25 % of LP; posterior foot Width is 63 % of the Forefoot Width (AA). Regarding the APLM, women presented values of normality located between 0.13 and 0.24 for left foot and 0.17 and 0.24 for right foot. The prevalence of flat foot was higher in men (25 % to 28%) than in women (4 % to 6 %) and the prevalence of cavus foot was higher in women (47 % to 53 %) than in men (27 % to 31 %).

          Related collections

          Most cited references24

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Sex-related differences in foot shape.

          The purpose of the study was to investigate sex-related differences in foot morphology. In total, 847 subjects were scanned using a 3-D-footscanner. Three different analysis methods were used: (1) comparisons were made for absolute foot measures within 250-270 mm foot length (FL); (2) and for averaged measures (% FL) across all sizes; (3) the feet were then classified using a cluster analysis. Within 250-270 mm FL, male feet were wider and higher (mean differences (MD) 1.3-5.9 mm). No relevant sex-related differences could be found in the comparison of averaged measures (MD 0.3-0.6% FL). Foot types were categorised into voluminous, flat-pointed and slender. Shorter feet were more often voluminous, longer feet were more likely to be narrow and flat. However, the definition of 'short' and 'long' was sex-related; thus, allometry of foot measures was different. For shoe design, measures should be derived for each size and sex separately. Different foot types should be considered to account for the variety in foot shape. Improper footwear can cause foot pain and deformity. Therefore, knowledge of sex-related differences in foot measures is important to assist proper shoe fit in both men and women. The present study supplements the field of knowledge within this context with recommendations for the manufacturing of shoes.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Foot Type Biomechanics Part 2: are structure and anthropometrics related to function?

            Many foot pathologies are associated with specific foot types. If foot structure and function are related, measurement of either could assist with differential diagnosis of pedal pathologies. Biomechanical measures of foot structure and function are related in asymptomatic healthy individuals. Sixty-one healthy subjects' left feet were stratified into cavus (n=12), rectus (n=27) and planus (n=22) foot types. Foot structure was assessed by malleolar valgus index, arch height index, and arch height flexibility. Anthropometrics (height and weight), age, and walking speed were measured. Foot function was assessed by center of pressure excursion index, peak plantar pressure, maximum force, and gait pattern parameters. Foot structure and anthropometric variables were entered into stepwise linear regression models to identify predictors of function. Measures of foot structure and anthropometrics explained 10-37% of the model variance (adjusted R(2)) for gait pattern parameters. When walking speed was included, the adjusted R(2) increased to 45-77% but foot structure was no longer a factor. Foot structure and anthropometrics predicted 7-47% of the model variance for plantar pressure and 16-64% for maximum force parameters. All multivariate models were significant (p<0.05), supporting acceptance of the hypothesis. Foot structure and function are related in asymptomatic healthy individuals. The structural parameters employed are basic measurements that do not require ionizing radiation and could be used in a clinical setting. Further research is needed to identify additional predictive parameters (plantar soft tissue characteristics, skeletal alignment, and neuromuscular control) and to include individuals with pathology. Copyright © 2012. Published by Elsevier B.V.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Gender and age related differences in foot morphology.

              This study has assessed age-related changes of foot morphology for developing appropriate footwear with particular reference to the elderly. Anatomical parameters such as foot length, circumference and height and ankle length, circumference and height were assessed in a sample of males (n=577) and females (n=528) divided into three age groups. The groups included young-adult, aged between 20 and 25 years; adult, aged between 35 and 55 years; and old, aged between 65 and 70 years individuals. In terms of gender differences, in young-adult individuals the sex-related morphological differences observed, are just related to a significantly lower length of foot in females. In adult subjects morphological parameters investigated were significantly lower in females even after normalization for foot length. In old individuals, no differences of the parameters were found after normalization for foot length. Comparative analysis of morphometric data between young-adult and adult individuals revealed that the instep length was smaller in adults. The opposite was observed for the great toe and medial foot arch height. Length of ankle was higher in adult than in young-adult individuals, whereas ankle circumference and height were smaller. In old vs adult individuals foot circumference showed the most relevant age-related differences. Feet anatomy presents specific characteristics in different ages of life. The ideal footwear should take into account these characteristics. This is true primarily for the elderly for minimizing the risk of falls or of other problems related to inappropriate footwear. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ijmorphol
                International Journal of Morphology
                Int. J. Morphol.
                Sociedad Chilena de Anatomía (Temuco, , Chile )
                0717-9502
                December 2017
                : 35
                : 4
                : 1403-1408
                Affiliations
                [3] Santiago orgnameUniversidad Bernardo O´Higgins orgdiv1Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas Chile
                [1] Santiago Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad de Santiago de Chile orgdiv1Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física Chile
                [2] Santiago Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad de Santiago de Chile orgdiv1Unidad de Anatomía Normal Chile
                Article
                S0717-95022017000401403
                31e2624a-a8f5-49fb-9155-56b027c8f6c1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 05 July 2017
                : 04 May 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Chile


                Foot,Plantar arch,Cavus foot,Anthropometry,Sport,Pie,Arco plantar,Pie cavo,Pie plano,Antropometría,Deporte

                Comments

                Comment on this article