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      Acute Effects of Capsaicin on Energy Expenditure and Fat Oxidation in Negative Energy Balance

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          Abstract

          Background

          Addition of capsaicin (CAPS) to the diet has been shown to increase energy expenditure; therefore capsaicin is an interesting target for anti-obesity therapy.

          Aim

          We investigated the 24 h effects of CAPS on energy expenditure, substrate oxidation and blood pressure during 25% negative energy balance.

          Methods

          Subjects underwent four 36 h sessions in a respiration chamber for measurements of energy expenditure, substrate oxidation and blood pressure. They received 100% or 75% of their daily energy requirements in the conditions ‘100%CAPS’, ‘100%Control’, ‘75%CAPS’ and ‘75%Control’. CAPS was given at a dose of 2.56 mg (1.03 g of red chili pepper, 39,050 Scoville heat units (SHU)) with every meal.

          Results

          An induced negative energy balance of 25% was effectively a 20.5% negative energy balance due to adapting mechanisms. Diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) and resting energy expenditure (REE) at 75%CAPS did not differ from DIT and REE at 100%Control, while at 75%Control these tended to be or were lower than at 100%Control (p = 0.05 and p = 0.02 respectively). Sleeping metabolic rate (SMR) at 75%CAPS did not differ from SMR at 100%CAPS, while SMR at 75%Control was lower than at 100%CAPS (p = 0.04). Fat oxidation at 75%CAPS was higher than at 100%Control (p = 0.03), while with 75%Control it did not differ from 100%Control. Respiratory quotient (RQ) was more decreased at 75%CAPS (p = 0.04) than at 75%Control (p = 0.05) when compared with 100%Control. Blood pressure did not differ between the four conditions.

          Conclusion

          In an effectively 20.5% negative energy balance, consumption of 2.56 mg capsaicin per meal supports negative energy balance by counteracting the unfavorable negative energy balance effect of decrease in components of energy expenditure. Moreover, consumption of 2.56 mg capsaicin per meal promotes fat oxidation in negative energy balance and does not increase blood pressure significantly.

          Trial Registration

          Nederlands Trial Register; registration number NTR2944

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          Most cited references25

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          Impaired nociception and pain sensation in mice lacking the capsaicin receptor.

          The capsaicin (vanilloid) receptor VR1 is a cation channel expressed by primary sensory neurons of the "pain" pathway. Heterologously expressed VR1 can be activated by vanilloid compounds, protons, or heat (>43 degrees C), but whether this channel contributes to chemical or thermal sensitivity in vivo is not known. Here, we demonstrate that sensory neurons from mice lacking VR1 are severely deficient in their responses to each of these noxious stimuli. VR1-/- mice showed normal responses to noxious mechanical stimuli but exhibited no vanilloid-evoked pain behavior, were impaired in the detection of painful heat, and showed little thermal hypersensitivity in the setting of inflammation. Thus, VR1 is essential for selective modalities of pain sensation and for tissue injury-induced thermal hyperalgesia.
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            • Article: not found

            The three-factor eating questionnaire to measure dietary restraint, disinhibition and hunger.

            This report describes the construction of a questionnaire to measure three dimensions of human eating behavior. The first step was a collation of items from two existing questionnaires that measure the related concepts of 'restrained eating' and 'latent obesity', to which were added items newly written to elucidate these concepts. This version was administered to several populations selected to include persons who exhibited the spectrum from extreme dietary restraint to extreme lack of restraint. The resulting responses were factor analyzed and the resulting factor structure was used to revise the questionnaire. This process was then repeated: administration of the revised questionnaire to groups representing extremes of dietary restraint, factor analysis of the results and questionnaire revision. Three stable factors emerged: (1) 'cognitive restraint of eating', (2) 'disinhibition' and (3) 'hunger'. The new 51-item questionnaire measuring these factors is presented.
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              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Vanilloid (Capsaicin) receptors and mechanisms.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS ONE
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, USA )
                1932-6203
                2013
                2 July 2013
                : 8
                : 7
                : e67786
                Affiliations
                [1]Department of Human Biology, School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
                Paris Institute of Technology for Life, Food and Environmental Sciences, France
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The study was sponsored by McCormick EMEA and the McCormick Science Institute. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

                Conceived and designed the experiments: PLHRJ RH EAPM MSW-P. Performed the experiments: PLHRJ. Analyzed the data: RH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: PLHRJ. Wrote the paper: PLHRJ MSW-P.

                Article
                PONE-D-12-25218
                10.1371/journal.pone.0067786
                3699483
                23844093
                31f314c9-811b-4ed8-901f-c2b84427c404
                Copyright @ 2013

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 7 August 2012
                : 15 May 2013
                Page count
                Pages: 7
                Funding
                The study was sponsored by McCormick EMEA and the McCormick Science Institute. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Biology
                Anatomy and Physiology
                Physiological Processes
                Energy Metabolism
                Biochemistry
                Lipids
                Lipid Metabolism
                Metabolism
                Lipid Metabolism
                Oxygen Metabolism
                Medicine
                Anatomy and Physiology
                Physiological Processes
                Energy Metabolism
                Clinical Research Design
                Clinical Trials
                Nutrition
                Obesity

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                Uncategorized

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