The use of imaging is increasing in clinical practice either for diagnosis or intervention. In these aims, contrast medium (CM) is widely used. However, CM administration can induce contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). The incidence of CIN varies from 2% to 50% depending on patient risk factors, and CIN is the third cause of renal insufficiency. To date, methods such as hyperhydration to prevent CIN have a low level of evidence. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC), which has already proved its efficiency in the cardiology field, seems to be a promising technique for CIN prevention. The aim of this work was to carry out a systematic review of the literature of the randomized clinical studies on RIPC in the prevention of CIN in man.