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      Teaching children with dyslexia to spell in a reading-writers' workshop.

      Annals of Dyslexia
      Adolescent, Child, Dyslexia, epidemiology, therapy, Education, methods, Female, Humans, Language Development, Male, Reading, Students, Teaching, Writing

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          Abstract

          To identify effective treatment for both the spelling and word decoding problems in dyslexia, 24 students with dyslexia in grades 4 to 9 were randomly assigned to treatments A (n=12) or B (n=12) in an after-school reading-writers' workshop at the university (thirty 1-h sessions twice a week over 5 months). First, both groups received step 1 treatment of grapheme-phoneme correspondences (gpc) for oral reading. At step 2, treatment A received gpc training for both oral reading and spelling, and treatment B received gpc training for oral reading and phonological awareness. At step 3, treatment A received orthographic spelling strategy and rapid accelerated reading program (RAP) training, and treatment B continued step 2 training. At step 4, treatment A received morphological strategies and RAP training, and treatment B received orthographic spelling strategy training. Each treatment also had the same integrated reading-writing activities, which many school assignments require. Both groups improved significantly in automatic letter writing, spelling real words, compositional fluency, and oral reading (decoding) rate. Treatment A significantly outperformed treatment B in decoding rate after step 3 orthographic training, which in turn uniquely predicted spelling real words. Letter processing rate increased during step 3 RAP training and correlated significantly with two silent reading fluency measures. Adding orthographic strategies with "working memory in mind" to phonics helps students with dyslexia spell and read English words.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          21845501
          10.1007/s11881-011-0054-0

          Chemistry
          Adolescent,Child,Dyslexia,epidemiology,therapy,Education,methods,Female,Humans,Language Development,Male,Reading,Students,Teaching,Writing

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