Coulomb Interactions and Mesoscopic Effects in Carbon Nanotubes

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Abstract

We argue that long-range Coulomb forces convert an isolated (N,N) armchair carbon nanotube into a strongly-renormalized *Luttinger liquid*. At high temperatures, we find anomalous temperature dependences for the interaction and impurity contributions to the resistivity, and similar power-law dependences for the local tunneling density of states. At low temperatures, the nanotube exhibits spin-charge separation, visible as an extra energy scale in the discrete tunneling density of states (for which we give an analytic form), signaling a departure from the orthodox theory of Coulomb blockade.

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Correlation Effects in Carbon Nanotubes

Matthew Fisher, Leon Balents (1996)

We consider the effects of Coulomb interactions on single-wall carbon nanotubes using an on-site Hubbard interaction, u. For the (N,N) armchair tubes the low energy theory is shown to be identical to a 2-chain Hubbard model at half-filling, with an effective interaction u_N = u/N. Umklapp scattering leads to gaps in the spectrum of charge and spin excitations which are exponentially small for large N. Above the gaps the intrinsic nanotube resistivity due to these scattering processes is linear in temperature, as observed experimentally. The presence of "d-wave" superconductivity in the 2-chain Hubbard model away from half-filling suggests that doped armchair nanotubes might exhibit superconductity with a purely electronic mechanism.

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Low Energy Properties of the (n,n) Carbon Nanotubes

D H Lee, Yu. Krotov, Steven Louie (1996)

According to band theory, an ideal undoped (n,n) carbon nanotube is metallic. We show that the electron-electron interaction causes it to become Mott insulating with a spin gap. More interestingly, upon doping it develops superconducting fluctuations.