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      Libertarian aspects in local knowledge: an example from the water management of Mam peasants in Guatemala Translated title: Aspectos libertarios en el conocimiento local: un ejemplo del manejo de agua de los campesinos Mam en Guatemala

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          Abstract

          The present article investigates whether Guatemalan local peasant knowledge and the corresponding social organisation incorporate aspects of a non-hierarchical, anti-authoritarian behaviour and attitudes of solidarity and mutual aid in the use and distribution of natural resources. An answer to this question is attempted by using the example of the water supply system and the related social organisation of the Mam Maya village Vista Hermosa in the municipality San Antonio Sacatepéquez of western Guatemala. The local water supply system is composed of 12 different groups that run their own water supply infrastructure project for domestic use and small-scale irrigation. Decisions in these projects are made collectively in an assembly, which allows all its members to have access and the right to speak. Different positions are occupied according to a rotation principle and water and infrastructure are collective property of its members. All these circumstances can be understood as libertarian¹ aspects found in the projects. On the other hand, these libertarian aspects are contradicted by the exclusion of non-members of the project from water use, a sometimes competitive behaviour between the different projects, or the - only partly discussed - patriarchal structures in the projects. Because of the identified libertarian aspects, the village water supply infrastructure can be seen as a starting point for learning about the possibilities and problems in a collective and self-organised structure, from which some elements could possibly be adopted for social organizing in other contexts.

          Translated abstract

          En este artículo se investiga si el conocimiento local campesino en Guatemala y la organización social correspondiente incorporan aspectos de un comportamiento no jerárquico, anti autoritario, así como actitudes de solidaridad y ayuda mutua en el uso y la distribución de recursos naturales. Se presenta una respuesta tentativa a esta pregunta, usando el ejemplo del sistema de suministro de agua y la organización social relacionada en la aldea Maya Mam, Vista Hermosa, en el municipio de San Antonio Sacantepéquez en el occidente de Guatemala. El sistema de suministro de agua local se compone de 12 grupos diferentes que operan su propio proyecto de infraestructura para proveer agua para el uso doméstico y para irrigación de pequeña escala. Las decisiones en estos proyectos se toman de manera colectiva en una asamblea, lo que permite a todos sus miembros tener acceso y el derecho de expresarse. Se ocupan diferentes puestos con base en un principio de rotación, y el agua y la infraestructura son propiedad colectiva de sus miembros. Todas estas circunstancias pueden comprenderse como aspectos libertarios¹ que son parte de los proyectos. Por otra parte, estos aspectos libertarios son contradichos por la exclusión del uso del agua de aquellos que no son miembros del proyecto, un comportamiento en ocasiones competitivo entre los distintos proyectos, o las estructuras patriarcales en los proyectos -que sólo se discuten parcialmente. Debido a los aspectos libertarios identificados, la infraestructura de suministro de agua de la aldea puede verse como un punto de partida para aprender sobre las posibilidades y los problemas en una estructura colectiva y auto-organizada, a partir de lo cual algunos elementos se podrían adoptar para la organización social en otros contextos.

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          The tragedy of the commons: twenty-two years later.

          The authors take up the hypothesis originally proposed by Garrett Hardin that resources held in common, such as oceans, rivers, air, and parklands, are bound to be subject to massive degradation. Specifically, they "examine the accumulated evidence pertaining to common-property resource management and provide a critique of the conventional theory expounded by Hardin." They conclude that recent evidence suggests that users of such resources are able to restrict access to them and establish rules among themselves for their sustainable use. excerpt
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            Book Reviews : Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches (2nd edition), by H. Russell Bernard. Sage Publications, 1994, 584 pp

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              Research Methods in Anthropology-Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                asd
                Agricultura, sociedad y desarrollo
                agric. soc. desarro
                Colegio de Postgraduados (Texcoco )
                1870-5472
                March 2013
                : 10
                : 1
                : 59-84
                Affiliations
                [1 ] University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Austria
                Article
                S1870-54722013000100004
                3363430b-20d9-48c4-b7e0-52cf91924ece

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Categories
                Agricultural Economics & Policy
                Agronomy
                Cultural Studies
                Social Issues
                Sociology

                Sociology,Agricultural economics & Resource management,Cultural studies,Horticulture
                collective action,indigenous people,peasant knowledge,social organisation,western Guatemala,acción colectiva,pueblos indígenas,conocimiento campesino,organización social,Guatemala occidental

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