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      Adherencia a la dieta mediterránea en adultos inactivos, practicantes de ciclo indoor y ciclistas aficionados Translated title: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in inactive adults, indoor cycling practitioners and amateur cyclists

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: existe información limitada sobre la relación entre la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea (ADM) y la práctica deportiva. Objetivo: determinar la posible asociación de la práctica deportiva y el volumen de entrenamiento en bicicleta con la ADM y la influencia de la proximidad de una prueba ciclodeportiva sobre la ADM. Material y métodos: una primera evaluación de la ADM en 785 (84 mujeres) ciclistas aficionados (volumen ≥ 7 horas/semana), 514 (224 mujeres) practicantes de ciclo indoor (volumen: 2-6 horas/semana) y 718 (411 mujeres) adultos inactivos fue desarrollada en mayo, coincidiendo con la participación de los ciclistas en una prueba ciclodeportiva. Una submuestra de 359 ciclistas y 148 inactivos fueron evaluados nuevamente en noviembre, en fecha alejada de la prueba ciclodeportiva. Se utilizó el cuestionario MEDAS-14 para valorar la ADM y un cuestionario autodiseñado para evaluar el volumen de entrenamiento. Resultados: un 40% de los sujetos evidenció alta ADM. En ambos sexos, los deportistas mostraron mayor ADM que los inactivos, con los mejores índices para los grupos de ciclistas (p < 0,001). La relación entre la ADM y el volumen de entrenamiento fue débil (hombres: r = 0,137, mujeres: r = 0,173; p < 0,001). La ADM de los ciclistas disminuyó de mayo a noviembre (p < 0,001) sin cambios en los sujetos inactivos (p = 0,535). Conclusiones: la práctica deportiva en bicicleta se asocia con una mayor ADM con limitada influencia del volumen de entrenamiento y con efectos positivos transitorios de la participación en una prueba ciclodeportiva.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: There is limited information referred to the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (AMD) and sports practice. Objective: To determinate the association of cycling practice and cycling training volume with the AMD and the influence of the participation in a high-demand cyclist event on the AMD. Material and methods: A first evaluation of AMD in 785 (84 women) amateur cyclists (volume: ≥ 7 hours/week), 514 (224 women) indoor cycling practitioners (volume: 2-6 hours/week) and 718 (411 women) inactive adults was conducted in May coinciding with the participation of cyclists in a cycling event. A subsample of 359 cyclists and 148 inactive subjects agreed to be retested in November, far from the cycling event date. The MEDAS-14 questionnaire was used to assess the AMD and a self-designed questionnaire was used to assess the volume of training. Results: 40% of subjects showed high AMD. In both sexes, athletes showed higher AMD than inactive subjects, with the highest indexes for groups of cyclists (p < 0.001). The relationship between AMD and training volume was weak (men: r = 0.137, women: r = 0.173; p < 0.001). The AMD of cyclists decreased from May to November (p < 0.001) with no significant changes in inactive subjects (p = 0.535). Conclusions: Cycling is associated to higher values of AMD with a limited influence of training volume and transient positive effects of participation in a cycling endurance event.

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          A short screener is valid for assessing Mediterranean diet adherence among older Spanish men and women.

          Ensuring the accuracy of dietary assessment instruments is paramount for interpreting diet-disease relationships. The present study assessed the relative and construct validity of the 14-point Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) used in the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) study, a primary prevention nutrition-intervention trial. A validated FFQ and the MEDAS were administered to 7146 participants of the PREDIMED study. The MEDAS-derived PREDIMED score correlated significantly with the corresponding FFQ PREDIMED score (r = 0.52; intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.51) and in the anticipated directions with the dietary intakes reported on the FFQ. Using Bland Altman's analysis, the average MEDAS Mediterranean diet score estimate was 105% of the FFQ PREDIMED score estimate. Limits of agreement ranged between 57 and 153%. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that a higher PREDIMED score related directly (P < 0.001) to HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and inversely (P < 0.038) to BMI, waist circumference, TG, the TG:HDL-C ratio, fasting glucose, and the cholesterol:HDL-C ratio. The 10-y estimated coronary artery disease risk decreased as the PREDIMED score increased (P < 0.001). The MEDAS is a valid instrument for rapid estimation of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and may be useful in clinical practice.
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            Exercise is the real polypill.

            The concept of a "polypill" is receiving growing attention to prevent cardiovascular disease. Yet similar if not overall higher benefits are achievable with regular exercise, a drug-free intervention for which our genome has been haped over evolution. Compared with drugs, exercise is available at low cost and relatively free of adverse effects. We summarize epidemiological evidence on the preventive/therapeutic benefits of exercise and on the main biological mediators involved.
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              Definitions and potential health benefits of the Mediterranean diet: views from experts around the world

              The Mediterranean diet has been linked to a number of health benefits, including reduced mortality risk and lower incidence of cardiovascular disease. Definitions of the Mediterranean diet vary across some settings, and scores are increasingly being employed to define Mediterranean diet adherence in epidemiological studies. Some components of the Mediterranean diet overlap with other healthy dietary patterns, whereas other aspects are unique to the Mediterranean diet. In this forum article, we asked clinicians and researchers with an interest in the effect of diet on health to describe what constitutes a Mediterranean diet in different geographical settings, and how we can study the health benefits of this dietary pattern.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                nh
                Nutrición Hospitalaria
                Nutr. Hosp.
                Grupo Arán (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0212-1611
                1699-5198
                February 2018
                : 35
                : 1
                : 131-139
                Affiliations
                [1] Zaragoza Aragón orgnameUniversidad de Zaragoza orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Deporte orgdiv2Departamento de Fisiatría y Enfermería. Área de Educación Física y Deportiva Spain
                [3] Zaragoza Aragón orgnameUniversidad de Zaragoza orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación orgdiv2Departamento de Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal Spain
                [4] Lleida Cataluña orgnameUniversitat de Lleida orgdiv1Facultad de Educación, Psicología y Trabajo Social orgdiv2Departamento de Didácticas Específicas Spain
                [2] Sevilla Andalucía orgnameUniversidad Pablo de Olavide orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte orgdiv2Departamento de Deporte e Informática. Área de Educación Física y Deportiva Spain
                Article
                S0212-16112018000100131 S0212-1611(18)03500100131
                10.20960/nh.1099
                29565161
                336a871a-e604-48dc-8526-4c67e94cf7b6

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 17 August 2017
                : 14 June 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 34, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Trabajos Originales

                Salud,Indoor cycling,Cycling,Ciclo indoor,Health,Dieta mediterránea,Ciclismo,Mediterranean diet

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