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      Kyste hydatique de la rate: à propos d'un cas Translated title: Hydatid cyst of the spleen: report of a case

      case-report

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          Abstract

          Le kyste hydatique de la rate est une affection rare en Afrique sub-saharienne. Il arrive en 3 ème position après celui du foie et du poumon. Le traitement est essentiellement chirurgical en dehors d'un traitement médical ayant prouvé son efficacité. Nous rapportons le 1 er cas pris en charge au Service de Chirurgie Générale du CHU Le Dantec à Dakar. Il s'agit d'un patient de 33 ans, originaire de Mauritanie, sans antécédent particulier qui nous a été adressé pour prise en charge d'un kyste splénique de découverte fortuite à l’échographie lors d'un bilan de routine avec sérologie hydatique positive à Eccinochoccus granulosa. L'examen clinique était sans particularité. La biologie retrouvait une thrombopénie à 88000 plaquettes/mm 3. Le scanner montrait des kystes spléniques avec calcifications occupant plus de la moitié du parenchyme splénique. Il a bénéficié d'une splénectomie totale dont les suites ont été simples. Aucune particularité n’était notée après un suivi d'un an. Le kyste hydatique splénique est rare. Le traitement est chirurgical qu'il soit radical ou conservateur avec de bons résultats.

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          Most cited references11

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          Hydatid disease of the spleen: imaging findings in nine patients.

          Splenic involvement is uncommon in patients with hydatid disease. The radiologic and clinical findings in nine patients with splenic hydatidosis are described. The three men and six women were 41-76 years old (mean, 58 years). Their histories and physical findings, the results of serologic tests for hydatidosis, and imaging procedures were evaluated. Plain abdominal radiographs were obtained in all nine patients, sonograms in six, and CT scans in seven. Plain films showed calcification of the cyst wall in four of the nine patients. On sonograms, five lesions were anechoic and one was echogenic. On CT scans, all lesions except one were of lower attenuation than the surrounding spleen. None of the lesions enhanced after administration of IV contrast material. Although rare, splenic hydatidosis should be included in the differential diagnosis when a cystic splenic lesion is identified with sonography or CT.
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            Diagnostic problems with parasitic and non-parasitic splenic cysts

            Background The splenic cysts constitute a very rare clinical entity. They may occur secondary to trauma or even being more seldom due to parasitic infestations, mainly caused by ecchinocccus granulosus. Literature lacks a defined concencus including the treatment plans and follow up strategies, nor long term results of the patients. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnosis, management of patients with parasitic and non-parasitic splenic cysts together with their long term follow up progresses. Methods Twenty-four patients with splenic cysts have undergone surgery in our department over the last 9 years. Data from eighteen of the twenty-four patients were collected prospectively, while data from six were retrospectively collected. All patients were assessed in terms of age, gender, hospital stay, preoperative diagnosis, additional disease, serology, ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), cyst recurrences and treatment. Results In this study, the majority of patients presented with abdominal discomfort and palpable swelling in the left hypochondrium. All patients were operated on electively. The patients included 14 female and 10 male patients, with a mean age of 44.77 years (range 20–62). Splenic hydatid cysts were present in 16 patients, one of whom also had liver hydatid cysts (6.25%). Four other patients were operated on for a simple cyst (16%) two patients for an epithelial cyst, and the last two for splenic lymphangioma. Of the 16 patients diagnosed as having splenic hydatit cysts, 11 (68.7%) were correctly diagnosed. Only two of these patients were administered benzimidazole therapy pre-operatively because of the risk of multicystic disease The mean follow-up period was 64 months (6–108). There were no recurrences of splenic cysts. Conclusion Surgeons should keep in mind the possibility of a parasitic cyst when no definitive alternative diagnosis can be made. In the treatment of splenic hydatidosis, benzimidazole therapy is not necessary, although it is crucial to perform splenectomy without rupturing and spilling the cysts.
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              Laparoscopic excision of splenic hydatid cyst.

              Hydatid disease of the spleen is a rare condition. The standard treatment is open total or partial splenectomy. Recently hand assisted laparoscopic total splenectomy for splenic hydatid cyst has been reported. A case is described of splenic hydatid cyst in a 45 year old man that was excised laparoscopically; the related literature is reviewed.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Pan Afr Med J
                Pan Afr Med J
                PAMJ
                The Pan African Medical Journal
                The African Field Epidemiology Network
                1937-8688
                09 March 2013
                2013
                : 14
                : 92
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Service de Chirurgie Générale, Hôpital Aristide Le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
                Author notes
                [& ]Corresponding author: Alpha Oumar Toure, Assistant- Chef De Clinique, Chirurgie Générale, Hôpital Aristide Le Dantec. BP 12566 Dakar, Senegal
                Article
                PAMJ-14-92
                10.11604/pamj.2013.14.92.2343
                3664883
                23717708
                339b6c4d-f4f8-4f8e-81c5-111d866edfc3
                © Touré Alpha Oumar et al.

                The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 03 January 2013
                : 12 February 2013
                Categories
                Case Report

                Medicine
                kyste hydatique,rate,splénectomie,hydatid cyst,spleen,splenectomy
                Medicine
                kyste hydatique, rate, splénectomie, hydatid cyst, spleen, splenectomy

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