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      The brain, another potential target organ, needs early protection from SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion

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      Science China. Life Sciences
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          Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study

          Summary Background In December, 2019, a pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) emerged in Wuhan, China. We aimed to further clarify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV pneumonia. Methods In this retrospective, single-centre study, we included all confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital from Jan 1 to Jan 20, 2020. Cases were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR and were analysed for epidemiological, demographic, clinical, and radiological features and laboratory data. Outcomes were followed up until Jan 25, 2020. Findings Of the 99 patients with 2019-nCoV pneumonia, 49 (49%) had a history of exposure to the Huanan seafood market. The average age of the patients was 55·5 years (SD 13·1), including 67 men and 32 women. 2019-nCoV was detected in all patients by real-time RT-PCR. 50 (51%) patients had chronic diseases. Patients had clinical manifestations of fever (82 [83%] patients), cough (81 [82%] patients), shortness of breath (31 [31%] patients), muscle ache (11 [11%] patients), confusion (nine [9%] patients), headache (eight [8%] patients), sore throat (five [5%] patients), rhinorrhoea (four [4%] patients), chest pain (two [2%] patients), diarrhoea (two [2%] patients), and nausea and vomiting (one [1%] patient). According to imaging examination, 74 (75%) patients showed bilateral pneumonia, 14 (14%) patients showed multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity, and one (1%) patient had pneumothorax. 17 (17%) patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome and, among them, 11 (11%) patients worsened in a short period of time and died of multiple organ failure. Interpretation The 2019-nCoV infection was of clustering onset, is more likely to affect older males with comorbidities, and can result in severe and even fatal respiratory diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome. In general, characteristics of patients who died were in line with the MuLBSTA score, an early warning model for predicting mortality in viral pneumonia. Further investigation is needed to explore the applicability of the MuLBSTA score in predicting the risk of mortality in 2019-nCoV infection. Funding National Key R&D Program of China.
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            Author and article information

            Contributors
            puthmzk@hsc.pku.edu.cn
            Journal
            Sci China Life Sci
            Sci China Life Sci
            Science China. Life Sciences
            Science China Press (Beijing )
            1674-7305
            1869-1889
            31 March 2020
            : 1-3
            Affiliations
            [1 ]GRID grid.411642.4, ISNI 0000 0004 0605 3760, Department of Anesthesiology, , Peking University Third Hospital, ; Beijing, 100191 China
            [2 ]GRID grid.413106.1, ISNI 0000 0000 9889 6335, Department of Anesthesiology, , Peking Union Medical College Hospital, ; Beijing, 100730 China
            Article
            1690
            10.1007/s11427-020-1690-y
            7118308
            31564034
            33e17e5a-48e5-446b-8371-07a16acb1b1d
            © Science China Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020

            This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.

            History
            : 12 March 2020
            : 29 March 2020
            Categories
            Insight

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