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      ¿Cuál es el modelo político criminal en Chile? Translated title: What is the criminal policy model in Chile?

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          Abstract

          Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo es exponer que la evolución de la política criminal chilena desde la reforma procesal penal (2000) es más compleja y contradictoria de lo que la doctrina usualmente afirma sobre ella. Así, se ha tendido a calificarla como una manifestación del denominado modelo penal de seguridad ciudadana, poniendo especial énfasis en su carácter populista y punitivista. Por el contrario, los medios de comunicación, los representantes políticos y la población en general han evaluado no tanto las reformas penales, sino el sistema penal chileno en su conjunto como excesivamente garantista. De este modo, y con el fin de evitar evaluaciones precipitadas, sesgadas y populistas, proponemos un marco analítico a partir de los modelos de política-criminal identificados por la literatura internacional, dado que ese cuerpo teórico constituye un método cabal y fiable para comprender el sistema penal chileno. Así, este marco conceptual cuenta con nueve indicadores político criminales que permiten reconstruir con mayor precisión las diferentes tendencias acaecidas en Chile desde la reforma procesal penal. Por tanto, podemos concluir que en el sistema chileno prevalece el modelo securitario, pero, al igual que en todos los sistemas penales democráticos, concurren manifestaciones de otros modelos político criminales (modelos híbridos).

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: The objective of this work is to show that the evolution of Chilean criminal policy since the criminal procedure reform (2000) is more complex and contradictory than what the doctrine usually affirms about it. Thus, it has tended to be classified as a manifestation of the so-called criminal model of citizen security, placing special emphasis on its populist and punitive nature. On the contrary, mass media, political representatives and public opinion have evaluated the Chilean penal system as overprotect the rights of accused and restrain excessively the state's use of power to punish and prevent criminal behaviors. In this way, and in order to avoid hasty, biased and populist evaluations, we propose an analytical framework based on the crime-policy models identified by the international literature, given that this theoretical body constitutes a complete and reliable method to understand our penal system. This conceptual framework has nine criminal political indicators that allow us to reconstruct with greater precision the different trends that have occurred in Chile since the criminal procedure reform. We can conclude that the model of citizen security prevails in the Chilean penal system, but, as in all democratic penal systems, there are manifestations of other criminal political models (hybrid models).

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          Social Structure and Anomie

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              White Collar Crime

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                politcrim
                Política criminal
                Polít. crim.
                Universidad de Talca (Santiago, , Chile )
                0718-3399
                July 2022
                : 17
                : 33
                : 291-316
                Affiliations
                [1] Los Ríos orgnameUniversidad Austral de Chile Chile josefernandez@ 123456uach.cl
                [2] Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad de Chile orgdiv1Instituto de Asuntos Públicos Chile claudiogonzalez@ 123456iap.uchile.cl
                Article
                S0718-33992022000100291 S0718-3399(22)01703300291
                3411a63a-6139-4f2d-80a2-2e00ff204dcd

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 September 2021
                : 30 December 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 107, Pages: 26
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTICULOS

                Chilean criminal policy,punitivism,penal welfarism,due model process,crime-policy models,política criminal chilena,modelos de política criminal,garantismo penal,bienestarismo penal,punitivismo

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