For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
4
views
51
references
 Top references
cited by
6
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      468
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in household cats in Myanmar and molecular identification of parasites using feline faecal oocysts

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Felids play an important role in the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii to humans and other animals since they can excrete millions of oocysts into the environment as definitive hosts. In the present study, seroprevalence and risk factors of feline Toxoplasma infection were investigated, and molecular identification was conducted for T. gondii oocysts isolated from faecal samples of seropositive cats. A total of 276 cat serum samples collected from the Yangon, Myanmar were tested for T. gondii antibodies by ELISA. The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was 41.30% (114 seropositive cats). Age between 1 and 6 years (OR = 3.284; 95% CI = 1.462–7.375), age > 6 years (OR = 4.560; 95% CI = 1.588–13.100) and sex (OR = 1.725; 95% CI = 1.026–2.899) were found to be significant ( P < 0.05) factors associated with T. gondii infection. DNA samples extracted from a single oocyst of seropositive cats were employed in three PCR assays amplifying parasite TOX-element and mitochondrial COI, and SAG2 locus. The obtained sequences of TOX-elements (n = 6) and COI (n = 5) were identical to those of T. gondii previously deposited in Genbank. SAG2 PCR yielded three different sequences, all of which were clustered with Type I T. gondii isolates in a phylogenetic tree. This study reported the seroprevalence and risk factors for T. gondii infection in cats and provided the molecular information on the parasite in Myanmar.

          Highlights

          • •

            Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in cats was investigated for the first time in Myanmar.

          • •

            The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in cats was 41.30% (out of 114 seropositive individuals).

          • •

            Age, sex, and type of feed were associated with T. gondii infection.

          • •

            The obtained sequences of TOX-element and COI were identical to those of T. gondii deposited in GenBank.

          • •

            The obtained SAG2 sequences were clustered with T. gondii Type I isolates.

          Related collections

          Most cited references51

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Toxoplasma gondii comprises three clonal lineages: correlation of parasite genotype with human disease.

          D K Howe, L D Sibley (1995)
          The population genetic structure of Toxoplasma gondii was determined by multilocus restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis at 6 loci in 106 independent isolates from humans and animals. Phylogenetic and statistical analyses indicated a highly unusual population structure consisting of 3 widespread clonal lineages. Extensively mixed genotypes were only apparent in 4 strains, which indicated that, while not separate species, sexual recombination between the 3 lineages is exceedingly rare in natural populations. T. gondii is a major cause of subclinical human infection and an important opportunistic pathogen that causes severe disease in immunocompromised patients. While strains from all 3 lineages were isolated from humans, the majority of human toxoplasmosis cases were associated with strains of a type II genotype. The correlation of specific clonal lineages with human toxoplasmosis has important implications for development of vaccines, drug treatments, and diagnostic protocols.
          Article 0 comments Cited 193 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Identification of a 200- to 300-fold repetitive 529 bp DNA fragment in Toxoplasma gondii, and its use for diagnostic and quantitative PCR.

            W Homan, M Vercammen, J De Braekeleer … (2000)
            We have identified a novel 529bp fragment that is repeated 200- to 300-fold in the genome of Toxoplasma gondii. This 529bp fragment was utilised for the development of a very sensitive and specific PCR for diagnostic purposes, and a quantitative competitive-PCR for the evaluation of cyst numbers in the brains of chronically infected mice. The 529bp fragment was found in all 60 strains of T. gondii tested, and it discriminates DNA of T. gondii from that of other parasites. Toxoplasma gondii DNA was detected in amniotic fluid of patients, as well as in various tissues from infected mice. Polymerase chain reaction with the 529bp fragment was more sensitive than with the 35-copy B1 gene. For the quantitative competitive-PCR, a 410-bp competitor molecule was co-amplified with similar efficiency as the 529bp fragment. Quantitative competitive-PCR produced a linear relationship between the relative amounts of PCR product and the number of tachyzoites in the range of 10(2)-10(4) tachyzoites and 100-3000 tissue cysts. A highly significant correlation between visual counting of brain cysts and quantitative competitive-PCR was obtained in mice chronically infected with Toxoplasma. Thus, quantitative competitive-PCR with the 529bp fragment can be used as an alternative for the tedious visual counting of brain cysts in experimental animals. With the quantitative competitive-PCR, furthermore, we could confirm the copy number of the 529bp fragment in tachyzoites and estimate the number of bradyzoites per cyst.
            Article 0 comments Cited 159 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Toxoplasmosis - a waterborne zoonosis.

              J Dubey (2004)
              Humans become infected with Toxoplasma gondii mainly by ingesting uncooked meat containing viable tissue cysts or by ingesting food or water contaminated with oocysts from the feces of infected cats. Circumstantial evidence suggests that oocyst-induced infections in humans are clinically more severe than tissue cyst-acquired infections. Until recently, water-borne transmission of T. gondii was considered uncommon but a large human outbreak linked to contamination of a municipal water reservoir in Canada by wild felids and the widespread infection by marine mammals in the USA provide reasons to question this view. The present paper reviews information on the biology of oocyst-induced infections of T. gondii in humans and animals and examines possible importance of transmission by water.
              Article 0 comments Cited 153 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Saw Bawm
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Food Waterborne Parasitol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Food Waterborne Parasitol
                Title: Food and Waterborne Parasitology
                Publisher: Elsevier
                ISSN (Electronic): 2405-6766
                Publication date PMC-release: 14 September 2020
                Publication date Collection: September 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 14 September 2020
                Volume: 20
                Electronic Location Identifier: e00094
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of International Relations and Information Technology, University of Veterinary Science, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 15013, Myanmar
                [b ]Department of Pharmacology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary Science, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 15013, Myanmar
                [c ]Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
                [d ]Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author at: Department of International Relations and Information Technology, University of Veterinary Science, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 15013, Myanmar. sawvet@ 123456uvsyezin.edu.mm
                Article
                Publisher ID: S2405-6766(20)30023-8 Publisher ID: e00094
                DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2020.e00094
                PMC ID: 7502821
                PubMed ID: 32995585
                SO-VID: 34ed4b5b-0ef7-40a7-9a81-202d7e713524
                Copyright © © 2020 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of International Association of Food and Waterborne Parasitology.
                License:

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 29 June 2020
                Date revision received : 25 August 2020
                Date accepted : 7 September 2020
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article

                Keywords: toxoplasma gondii,single oocyst,seroprevalence,molecular,myanmar
                Data availability:
                Keywords: toxoplasma gondii, single oocyst, seroprevalence, molecular, myanmar

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content468

                See all similar

                Cited by6

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors1,007

                See all reference authors